Sebatik Island

Sebatik Island

Native name: Pulau Sebatik
Aerial view of the entrance to Cowie Bay. In the background Sebatik Island. In the foreground, next to the sea, Tawau Town. Taken from an aeroplane, heading west.
Map showing Sebatik Island and the Indonesia–Malaysia border that cuts across it. Nunukan island is in the southwest corner of the map.
Geography
Location	Celebes Sea
Coordinates	4°10′02″N 117°47′02″E / 4.16722°N 117.78389°E / 4.16722; 117.78389
Archipelago	Malay Archipelago
Area	452.2 km2 (174.6 sq mi)[1][2]
Administration
Malaysia
State	Sabah
Division	Tawau Division
Indonesia
Province	North Kalimantan
Regency	Nunukan Regency
Demographics
Population	25,000 (Malaysian side) 47,571 (Indonesian side)[3]

Sebatik Island (Indonesian/Malay: Pulau Sebatik) is an island off the eastern coast of Borneo, split between Indonesia and Malaysia. It is one of the 92 officially listed outlying islands of Indonesia.

Sebatik has an area of approximately 452.2 square kilometres (174.6 sq mi).^[1][2] The minimum distance between Sebatik Island and Borneo is about 1 kilometre (0.62 mi).^[4]

Sebatik Island lies between Cowie Bay (also known as Teluk Tawau) to the north and Sibuku Bay (Teluk Sibuku) to the south. The town of Tawau, Sabah, is just to the north. The island is bisected at roughly 4° 10' north by the Indonesia–Malaysia border – the northern part belongs to Sabah, Malaysia (Sebatik Malaysia) while the southern part belongs to North Kalimantan (previously East Kalimantan), Indonesia (Sebatik Indonesia).

Sebatik Malaysia has a population of approximately 25,000; there were 47,571 people in Sebatik Indonesia as of the 2020 Census.^[3][5]

The demarcated international border between Malaysia and Indonesia stops at the eastern edge of Sebatik Island, so that the ownership of Unarang Rock and the maritime area located to the east of Sebatik is unclear.^[6] This is one of the reasons why the Ambalat region waters and crude oil deposits east of Sebatik Island have been the centre of an active maritime dispute between Indonesia and Malaysia since March 2005. The ambiguity of the border at the eastern edge also caused a dispute over two nearby islands of Sipadan and Ligitan, both south of 4° 10' N but administered by Malaysia. The territorial dispute was resolved by the International Court of Justice in 2002 which awarded the islands to Malaysia.^[6]

While there are border guards on the island, there is no immigration office, no customs house, no barbed-wire fence and no walls demarcating the border. Instead, the only evidence of a border are the concrete piles buried every kilometre from east to west.^[7]

Sebatik Island was one of the places in which heavy fighting took place between Indonesian troops and Malaysian troops during the 1963 Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation.

The North Borneo Timbers company operated a logging concession on the island until the 1980s and its mostly expatriate employees lived in a self-contained community in Wallace Bay. Sebatik Malaysia is within the administrative division of Tawau. For electoral purposes, Sebatik falls within the parliamentary constituency of Kalabakan and the state assembly district of Sebatik.

Sitangkai Indonesia (at its closest points) is approximately 175 kilometres (109 mi) to Sitangkai, Tawi-Tawi, Philippines, the second-closest point between the two countries after the Miangas island in North Sulawesi.^[8]