Security vetting in the United Kingdom

In the United Kingdom, government policy requires that staff undergo security vetting in order to gain access to government information.

The government uses four levels[1]: Annex C, p. 24  of personnel security controls depending on the level of assurance required. Three of these levels are types of national security vetting clearance.[1]: Annex B 

Vetting is intended to assure government bodies that the individual has not been involved in espionage, terrorism, sabotage or actions intended to overthrow or undermine Parliamentary democracy by political, industrial or violent means. It also assures the department that the individual has not been a member of, or associated with, an organisation which has advocated such activities or has demonstrated a lack of reliability through dishonesty, lack of integrity or behaviour. Finally, the process assures the department that the individual will not be subject to pressure or improper influence through past behaviour or personal circumstances.[2]

Vetting is usually carried out by United Kingdom Security Vetting (UKSV), a department within the Cabinet Office.[3] UKSV was created in January 2017 by combining DBS National Security Vetting (DBS NSV) and FCDO Services National Security Vetting (FCDOS NSV).[3] This change was an outcome of the Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015.[4]

Security and intelligence agencies such as MI5, MI6 and Government Communications Headquarters carry out their own vetting. The minimum is Developed Vetting and very occasionally Enhanced Security Check.

It is possible to pass vetting with one department yet fail it with another as vetting is tailored to the role/department. Clearances can be transferred between departments. Holders of vetting clearance may face travel restrictions on private travel to high-risk countries.

Vetting in the UK is currently undergoing change as part of the Vetting Transformation Programme. This will see a series of "Levels" introduced and the phasing out of the current nomenclature. These new levels will be broadly:

  • Accreditation Check (AC) = Level 1A
  • Counter Terrorist Check (CTC) = Level 1B
  • Security Check (SC) = Level 2
  • Developed Vetting (DV) = Level 3[5]

Note: Baseline Personnel Security Standard (BPSS) is not considered a formal security clearance level but this, or an equivalent background check, is used to underpin all vetting.

The target date for this transformation is 2025. Level 1B was introduced October 2022 and is currently the only "new" level operating.

  1. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Personnel_Security was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Hansard, Written answers 15 Dec 1994 Hansard online
  3. ^ a b "Guidance United Kingdom Security Vetting". GOV.UK. His Majesty's Government. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
  4. ^ National Security Strategy and Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015 (PDF) (Report). HM Government. November 2015.
  5. ^ "HMG Personnel Security Controls (HTML)". GOV.UK. Retrieved 15 November 2023.