Sepik

Sepik
Sediment plumes at the mouth of the Sepik (right) and Ramu (left) rivers
Sepik River watershed (Interactive map)
Location
CountryPapua New Guinea, Indonesia
RegionSandaun, Papua, East Sepik
Physical characteristics
Source 
 • locationVictor Emanuel Range
 • coordinates5°13′S 141°49′E / 5.217°S 141.817°E / -5.217; 141.817
 • elevation2,170 m (7,120 ft)
Mouth 
 • location
Bismarck Sea, Papua New Guinea
 • coordinates
3°50′30″S 144°32′30″E / 3.84167°S 144.54167°E / -3.84167; 144.54167
 • elevation
0 m (0 ft)
Length1,126 km (700 mi)[1]
Basin size80,321 km2 (31,012 sq mi)[1]
Width 
 • average400–500 m (1,300–1,600 ft)[2]
Depth 
 • minimum2 m (6 ft 7 in)[3]
 • average8–14 m (26–46 ft)[2]
 • maximum35–55 m (115–180 ft) (Angoram)[4][3]
Discharge 
 • locationAngoram
 • average5,000 m3/s (180,000 cu ft/s)[5]
Discharge 
 • locationAmbunti
 • average3,615 m3/s (127,700 cu ft/s)[6]
Basin features
ProgressionBismarck Sea
River systemSepik River
Tributaries 
 • leftIram, Brucken, Oklip, Hauser, Horden, North, Yellow, Sanchi, Yimi, Nagam
 • rightHak, August, May, Seniap, Frieda, Wario, Wagamush, April, Karawari, Yuat, Keram, Bien

The Sepik (/ˈsɛpɪk/)[7] is the longest river on the island of New Guinea, and the third largest in Oceania by discharge volume after the Fly and Mamberamo.[8] The majority of the river flows through the Papua New Guinea (PNG) provinces of Sandaun (formerly West Sepik) and East Sepik, with a small section flowing through the Indonesian province of Papua.

The Sepik has a large catchment area, and landforms that include swamplands, tropical rainforests and mountains. Biologically, the river system is often said to be possibly the largest uncontaminated freshwater wetland system in the Asia-Pacific region.[9] But, in fact, numerous fish and plant species have been introduced into the Sepik since the mid-20th century.

  1. ^ a b "OC05 Sepik". Water Resources eAtlas. Watersheds of the World. Archived from the original on 2007-12-14.
  2. ^ a b Sepik Development Project (PDF). 2022.
  3. ^ a b Colonel K. L. Duncan (RL) (2007). NOTICE TO MARINERS (PDF) (Report). p. 16.
  4. ^ David S., Mitchell; Tomislav, Petr; Anthony B., Viner (1980). "The Water-fern Salvinia molesta in the Sepik River, Papua New Guinea". Environmental Conservation. 7 (2): 115–122. Bibcode:1980EnvCo...7..115M. doi:10.1017/S0376892900007116. JSTOR 44517096.
  5. ^ Ernst, Löffler (1977). Geomorphology of Papua New Guinea (PDF).
  6. ^ Richard, Ibbitt; Kaoru, Takara; Mohd. Nor bin, Mohd. Desa; Hidayat, Pawitan (2002). CATALOGUE OF RIVERS FOR SOUTHEAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC-Volume IV. UNESCO. ISBN 4-9900653-1-X.
  7. ^ "Sepik". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
  8. ^ Fragmentation and Flow Regulation of the World’s Large River Systems
  9. ^ "Sepik River". Rainbow Habitat. Archived from the original on 2007-05-31.