Native name: Сéверная Земля́ | |
|---|---|
 | |
 Location of Severnaya Zemlya off northernmost continental Russia | |
  Severnaya Zemlya Location in Russia | |
| Geography | |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 79°30′0″N 97°15′0″E / 79.50000°N 97.25000°E |
| Major islands | October Revolution, Bolshevik, Komsomolets, Pioneer, Schmidt |
| Area | 37,000 km2 (14,000 sq mi) |
| Highest point | Mount Karpinsky (965 m (3,166 ft)) |
| Administration | |
| Federal subject | Krasnoyarsk Krai |
| District | Taymyrsky Dolgano-Nenetsky District |
| Demographics | |
| Population | No permanent population (2017) |
| Additional information | |
| Time zone |
|
| • Summer (DST) |
|
Severnaya Zemlya (Russian: Сéверная Земля́, lit. 'Northern Land', pronounced [ˈsʲevʲɪrnəjə zʲɪmˈlʲa]) is a 37,000 km2 (14,000 sq mi) archipelago in the Russian high Arctic. It lies off Siberia's Taymyr Peninsula, separated from the mainland by the Vilkitsky Strait. This archipelago separates two marginal seas of the Arctic Ocean, the Kara Sea in the west and the Laptev Sea in the east.
Severnaya Zemlya was first noted in 1913 and first charted in 1930–32, making it the last sizeable archipelago on Earth to be explored.[1] Administratively, the islands form part of Russia's Krasnoyarsk Krai. In Soviet times there were a number of research stations in different locations, but currently there are no human inhabitants in Severnaya Zemlya, except for the Prima Polar Station[2] near Cape Baranov.[3]
The largest glacier in the Russian Federation, the Academy of Sciences Glacier, is located in Severnaya Zemlya. Until recently, ice joined the islands to Eurasia, even at its smallest extent during the late summer melt season, blocking the Northeast Passage between the Atlantic and the Pacific. By the late summer of 2012, however, due to Arctic sea ice decline the permanent ice had reached a record low extent and open water appeared to the south of the archipelago.[4]
- ^ Barr, William (1975). "Severnaya Zemlya: The Last Major Discovery". Geographical Journal. 141 (1): 59–71. doi:10.2307/1796946. JSTOR 1796946.
- ^ "Фотогалерея: 2004 - "Полярное Кольцо" Местонахождение: 17 мая, Северная Земля, о. Большевик, м. Баранова, п/ст Примах". ec-arctic.ru.
- ^ De Korte, J.; Volkov, A.E.; Gavrilo, M.V. (1 January 1995). "Bird Observations in Severnaya Zemlya, Siberia". Arctic. 48 (3): 222–234. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.560.4897. doi:10.14430/arctic1244. JSTOR 40511657. ProQuest 197714801.
- ^ Arctic Sea Ice Shrinks To New Low In Satellite Era Archived 20 May 2022 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 27 August 2012.