Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel and Bridge

Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel and Bridge
Viaduct of the Shanghai Yangtze River Bridge
Simplified Chinese	上海长江隧桥
Traditional Chinese	上海長江隧橋
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Shànghǎi Chángjiāng Suì Qiáo Wade–Giles Shang4-hai3 Chʻang2-chiang1 Sui4 Chʻiao2 IPA [ʂâŋ.xàɪ.ʈʂʰǎŋ.tɕjáŋ.swêɪ.tɕʰjǎʊ]

The Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel and Bridge is a bridge–tunnel complex across the south fork of the Yangtze River near the river mouth in Shanghai. The tunnel connects the Pudong District of Shanghai on the south bank of the river with Changxing Island, while the bridge connects Changxing Island with Chongming Island. In combination with the Chongqi Bridge (opened in December 2011), which connects Chongming Island to the north bank of the Yangtze, the bridge–tunnel complex forms the final crossing of the Yangtze before it empties into the East China Sea.^{[citation needed]}

The bridge and tunnel were built from 2005 to 2009 at a cost of 12.6 billion yuan (US$1.84 billion),^[1] and opened on 31 October 2009.^[1][2] Their combined length is 25.5 km (15.8 mi), forming part of the G40 Shanghai–Xi'an Expressway.