Shannan
山南市 · ལྷོ་ཁ་གྲོང་ཁྱེར། | |
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.png) Location of Shannan Prefecture within China | |
| Coordinates (Shannan prefectural government): 29°14′17″N 91°46′16″E / 29.238°N 91.771°E | |
| Country |  China |
| Autonomous region | Tibet |
| Seat | Nêdong District (Zêtang) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 79,700 km2 (30,800 sq mi) |
| Population (2019) | |
| • Total | 382,610 |
| • Density | 4.8/km2 (12/sq mi) |
| GDP[1] | |
| • Total | CN¥ 18.8 billion US$ 2.7 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 49,556 US$ 7,171 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-XZ-05 |
| Website | http://www.shannan.gov.cn/ |
| Shannan | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 "Shannan" in Chinese and Tibetan characters | |||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||
| Chinese | 山南 | ||||||
| Hanyu Pinyin | Shānnán | ||||||
| Literal meaning | south of the mountains | ||||||
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| Alternative Chinese name | |||||||
| Chinese | 洛卡 | ||||||
| Hanyu Pinyin | Luòkǎ | ||||||
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| Tibetan name | |||||||
| Tibetan | ལྷོ་ཁ། | ||||||
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Shannan[2][3] (Chinese: 山南; pinyin: Shānnán; lit. 'south of the mountains'), also known as Lhoka (Tibetan: ལྷོ་ཁ།, Wylie: lho kha, ZYPY: lhoka; Chinese: 洛卡; pinyin: Luò kǎ), is a prefecture-level city in the southeastern Tibet Autonomous Region, China.[4] Shannan includes Gonggar County within its jurisdiction with Gongkar Chö Monastery, Gonggar Dzong, and Gonggar Airport all located near Gonggar town.[4]
Located on the middle and lower reaches of the Yarlung Valley, formed by the Yarlung Tsangpo River, Lhoka region is often regarded as the birthplace of Tibetan civilization. It is bounded by the city of Lhasa to the north, Nyingchi to the east, Shigatse on the west and the international border with India and Bhutan on the south. The city measures 420 kilometres (260 mi) east to west and 329 kilometres (204 mi) from north to south. Its uniqueness stems from the fact that Tibet's earliest agricultural farmland, its first palace and first Buddhist monastery are all located in Lhoka. It also has the distinction of having held the first lhamo performance.[5] Ethnic Tibetans constitute 98% of the population, the remaining 2% being Han, Hui, Mönpa, Lhoba and other ethnic groups.[6]
Shannan has 1 district and 11 counties and its capital is Tsetang, which is located 183 kilometres from Lhasa.[7] It covers an area of 79,700 square kilometres (30,800 sq mi), which includes part of South Tibet, a disputed territory currently under control of the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh; the disputed parts include Itanagar, the state capital of Arunachal Pradesh. Its topography averages 3,700 metres (12,100 ft) above sea level. The population of Tsetang city was 330,100 as of 2007 with Tibetans accounting for 96% of the total population.[7][8]
The Lhoka region has not only an ancient historical background but is also the most prosperous in Tibet.[9]
- ^ "山南市2019年国民经济和社会发展统计公报" (in Chinese). 12 March 2021. Retrieved 12 March 2021.
- ^ Booz 1986, p. 127; Booz 1997, p. 139
- ^ The official spelling according to 中国地名录. Beijing: SinoMaps Press 中国地图出版社. 1997. ISBN 7-5031-1718-4.
- ^ a b Buckley 2006, pp. 58, 161
- ^ An Caindain. "A Journey to Qomolangmo (V): Southeastern Route". Tibet Magazine.net. Archived from the original on 2011-07-24. Retrieved 2010-09-17.
- ^ 安才旦 (2003). Tibet China: travel guide. China Intercontinental Press. pp. 138–141. ISBN 7-5085-0374-0. Retrieved 2010-09-08.
- ^ a b Zhang, itle=Xiaoming (2004). China's Tibet. China Intercontinental Press. pp. 30–31. ISBN 7-5085-0608-1. Retrieved 2010-09-10.
- ^ "Profiles of China Provinces, Cities and Industrial Parks". Shannan diqu (Xizang Zizhiqu). HKDTC Enterprise. Retrieved 2010-09-08.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Lhokha Travel Guid". Tibet Travel Inforomation Centre. Archived from the original on 2012-12-01. Retrieved 2010-09-17.
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