Shared universe

A shared universe or shared world is a fictional universe from a set of creative works where one or more writers (or other artists) independently contribute works that can stand alone but fits into the joint development of the storyline, characters, or world of the overall project. It is common in genres like science fiction.^[1] It differs from collaborative writing in which multiple artists are working together on the same work and from crossovers where the works and characters are independent except for a single meeting.

The term shared universe is also used within comics to reflect the overall milieu created by the comic book publisher in which characters, events, and premises from one product line appear in other product lines in a media franchise. A specific kind of shared universe that is published across a variety of media (such as novels and films), each of them contributing to the growth, history, and status of the setting is called an "imaginary entertainment environment".^[2]

The term has also been used in a wider, non-literary sense to convey interdisciplinary^[3] or social commonality,^[4] often in the context of a "shared universe of discourse".^[5]

^ Nielsen, Jakob (1995). Multimedia and Hypertext: The Internet and Beyond. Morgan Kaufmann. pp. 120–. ISBN 978-0-12-518408-3. Archived from the original on March 24, 2018. Retrieved August 5, 2015.
^ Mackay, Daniel. The Fantasy Role-Playing Game: A New Performing Art (Jefferson, NC: McFarland. 2001) p. 29.
^ Smith, Harvey L. (January 1958). "Contingencies of Professional Differentiation". The American Journal of Sociology. 63 (4): 410. doi:10.1086/222264. S2CID 144795977.
^ Tannen, Deborah (1987). "Repetition in Conversation: Toward a Poetics of Talk". Language. 63 (3). Language, Vol. 63, No. 3: 574–605. doi:10.2307/415006. JSTOR 415006.
^
* Blumenthal, David R. (1993). Facing the Abusing God: A Theology of Protest. Westminster John Knox Press. pp. 34–. ISBN 978-0-664-25464-3. Archived from the original on March 24, 2018. Retrieved August 5, 2015.
- Baber, Robert L. (September 9, 2011). The Language of Mathematics: Utilizing Math in Practice. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 207–. ISBN 978-1-118-06176-3. Archived from the original on March 24, 2018. Retrieved August 5, 2015.
- Davis, Boyd H.; Brewer, Jeutonne (1997). Electronic Discourse: Linguistic Individuals in Virtual Space. SUNY Press. pp. 86–. ISBN 978-0-7914-3475-8. Archived from the original on March 24, 2018. Retrieved August 5, 2015.
- Hashkes, Hannah (February 26, 2015). Rabbinic Discourse as a System of Knowledge: "The Study of Torah is Equal to them All". BRILL. pp. 140–. ISBN 9789004290488. Archived from the original on March 24, 2018. Retrieved August 5, 2015.
- Crespi, Irving (November 5, 2013). The Public Opinion Process: How the People Speak. Routledge. pp. 60–. ISBN 978-1-136-68489-0. Archived from the original on March 24, 2018. Retrieved August 5, 2015.

[Nielsen1995-1] Nielsen, Jakob (1995). Multimedia and Hypertext: The Internet and Beyond. Morgan Kaufmann. pp. 120–. ISBN 978-0-12-518408-3. Archived from the original on March 24, 2018. Retrieved August 5, 2015.

[2] Mackay, Daniel. The Fantasy Role-Playing Game: A New Performing Art (Jefferson, NC: McFarland. 2001) p. 29.

[3] Smith, Harvey L. (January 1958). "Contingencies of Professional Differentiation". The American Journal of Sociology. 63 (4): 410. doi:10.1086/222264. S2CID 144795977.

[4] Tannen, Deborah (1987). "Repetition in Conversation: Toward a Poetics of Talk". Language. 63 (3). Language, Vol. 63, No. 3: 574–605. doi:10.2307/415006. JSTOR 415006.

[5] * Blumenthal, David R. (1993). Facing the Abusing God: A Theology of Protest. Westminster John Knox Press. pp. 34–. ISBN 978-0-664-25464-3. Archived from the original on March 24, 2018. Retrieved August 5, 2015.
Baber, Robert L. (September 9, 2011). The Language of Mathematics: Utilizing Math in Practice. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 207–. ISBN 978-1-118-06176-3. Archived from the original on March 24, 2018. Retrieved August 5, 2015.

Davis, Boyd H.; Brewer, Jeutonne (1997). Electronic Discourse: Linguistic Individuals in Virtual Space. SUNY Press. pp. 86–. ISBN 978-0-7914-3475-8. Archived from the original on March 24, 2018. Retrieved August 5, 2015.

Hashkes, Hannah (February 26, 2015). Rabbinic Discourse as a System of Knowledge: "The Study of Torah is Equal to them All". BRILL. pp. 140–. ISBN 9789004290488. Archived from the original on March 24, 2018. Retrieved August 5, 2015.

Crespi, Irving (November 5, 2013). The Public Opinion Process: How the People Speak. Routledge. pp. 60–. ISBN 978-1-136-68489-0. Archived from the original on March 24, 2018. Retrieved August 5, 2015.

[6] Baber, Robert L. (September 9, 2011). The Language of Mathematics: Utilizing Math in Practice. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 207–. ISBN 978-1-118-06176-3. Archived from the original on March 24, 2018. Retrieved August 5, 2015.

[7] Davis, Boyd H.; Brewer, Jeutonne (1997). Electronic Discourse: Linguistic Individuals in Virtual Space. SUNY Press. pp. 86–. ISBN 978-0-7914-3475-8. Archived from the original on March 24, 2018. Retrieved August 5, 2015.

[8] Hashkes, Hannah (February 26, 2015). Rabbinic Discourse as a System of Knowledge: "The Study of Torah is Equal to them All". BRILL. pp. 140–. ISBN 9789004290488. Archived from the original on March 24, 2018. Retrieved August 5, 2015.

[9] Crespi, Irving (November 5, 2013). The Public Opinion Process: How the People Speak. Routledge. pp. 60–. ISBN 978-1-136-68489-0. Archived from the original on March 24, 2018. Retrieved August 5, 2015.

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