Shenzhen
深圳市 | |
|---|---|
 | |
 Location of Shenzhen City jurisdiction in Guangdong | |
  Shenzhen Location of the city center in Guangdong  Shenzhen Shenzhen (China)  Shenzhen Shenzhen (Asia) | |
| Coordinates (Civic Center (市民中心)): 22°32′29″N 114°03′35″E / 22.5415°N 114.0596°E | |
| Country |  China |
| Province | Guangdong |
| County-level divisions | 9 |
| Settled | 331 |
| Village | 1953 |
| City | 23 January 1979 |
| SEZ formed | 1 May 1980 |
| Municipal seat | Futian District |
| Government | |
| • Type | Sub-provincial city |
| • Body | Shenzhen Municipal People's Congress |
| • CCP Secretary | Meng Fanli |
| • Congress Chairman | Luo Wenzhi |
| • Mayor | Qin Weizhong[1] |
| • CPPCC Chairman | Lin Jie |
| Area | |
| 1,997 km2 (771 sq mi) | |
| • Urban | 1,748 km2 (675 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 0–943.7 m (0–3,145.7 ft) |
| Population (2020)[2] | |
| 17,560,000 | |
| • Density | 8,800/km2 (23,000/sq mi) |
| • Urban (2021)[3] | 14,678,000 |
| • Urban density | 8,400/km2 (22,000/sq mi) |
| • Metro (2010)[4] | 23,300,000 |
| • Major ethnicities | Han |
| GDP (2023)[5] | |
| • Prefecture-level and sub-provincial city | CN¥ 3.461 trillion US$ 491 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 195,230 US$ 27,705 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 518000 |
| Area code | 755 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-GD-03 |
| Licence plate prefixes | 粤B |
| City flower | Bougainvillea |
| City trees | Lychee and Mangrove[6] |
| Website | sz.gov.cn sz.gov.cn/en |
_Hon_Kwok_City_Center_(2).jpg)
| Shenzhen | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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.svg) "Shenzhen" in Chinese characters | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chinese | 深圳 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hanyu Pinyin | Shēnzhèn | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cantonese Yale | Sāmjan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Postal | Shamchun | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | "Deep Drainage" | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Shenzhen[a] is a city in Guangdong, China. A special economic zone, it is located on the east bank of the Pearl River estuary on the central coast of Guangdong, bordering Hong Kong to the south, Dongguan to the north, Huizhou to the northeast, and Macau to the southwest. With a population of 17.5 million in 2020, Shenzhen is the third most populous city by urban population in China after Shanghai and Beijing.[9] The Port of Shenzhen is the world's fourth busiest container port.[10]
Shenzhen roughly follows the administrative boundaries of Bao'an County, which was established in imperial times. After the Opium Wars, the southern portion of Bao'an County was occupied by the British government and became part of British Hong Kong, while the village of Shenzhen was next to the border. Shenzhen turned into a city in 1979. In the early 1980s, economic reforms introduced by Deng Xiaoping resulted in the city becoming the first special economic zone of China due to its close proximity to Hong Kong, attracting foreign direct investment and migrants searching for opportunities. In thirty years, the city's economy and population boomed and has since emerged as a hub for technology, international trade, and finance.
Shenzhen is the home to the Shenzhen Stock Exchange, one of the largest stock exchanges in the world by market capitalization and the Guangdong Free-Trade Zone. Shenzhen is ranked as an Alpha- (global first-tier) city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Its nominal GDP has surpassed those of its neighboring cities of Guangzhou and Hong Kong and is now among those of the cities with the ten largest economies in the world. Shenzhen also has the eighth most competitive and largest financial center in the world, the seventh-most Fortune Global 500 headquarters, fifth-highest number of billionaires, the second largest number of skyscrapers, the 19th largest scientific research output, and several higher education institutions, including Shenzhen University, Southern University of Science and Technology, and Shenzhen Technology University. Shenzhen railway station was the last stop on the mainland Chinese section of the Kowloon–Canton Railway.
The city is a leading global technology hub. In the media Shenzhen is sometimes called China's Silicon Valley.[11][12] The city's entrepreneurial, innovative, and competitive-based culture has resulted in the city being home to numerous small manufacturers and software companies. Several of these firms have become large technology corporations, such as Huawei, Tencent, and DJI. As an important international city, Shenzhen hosts numerous national and international events every year, such as the 2011 Summer Universiade and the China Hi-Tech Fair.
A large portion of Shenzhen's population are migrants from all over China, and the city's population structure skews younger than most places in China.
- ^ "Qin Weizhong appointed". szdaily.com. Archived from the original on 26 April 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
- ^ 2017年深圳经济有质量稳定发展 [In 2017, Shenzhen economy will have stable quality and development] (in Simplified Chinese). Archived from the original on 23 February 2018. Retrieved 23 February 2018.
- ^ Cox, W (2021). Demographia World Urban Areas. 17th Annual Edition (PDF). St. Louis: Demographia. p. 22. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 May 2018. Retrieved 29 June 2021.
- ^ OECD Urban Policy Reviews: China 2015, OECD READ edition. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). 18 April 2015. p. 37. doi:10.1787/9789264230040-en. ISBN 9789264230033. ISSN 2306-9341.
- ^ "深圳市2023年国民经济和社会发展统计公报". Archived from the original on 25 July 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
- ^ "Shenzhen Government Online — Overview". Archived from the original on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
- ^ Longman, J.C. (2008). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3 ed.). Pearson Education ESL. ISBN 978-1405881173.
- ^ "Shenzhen". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 9 June 2021.
- ^ "Top 10 Chinese cities by urban resident population". investinchina.chinadaily.com.cn. Archived from the original on 30 March 2023. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
- ^ Roberts, Toby; Williams, Ian; Preston, John (2021). "The Southampton system: A new universal standard approach for port-city classification". Maritime Policy & Management. 48 (4): 530–542. doi:10.1080/03088839.2020.1802785. S2CID 225502755.
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