A simulated body fluid (SBF) is a solution with an ion concentration close to that of human blood plasma, kept under mild conditions of pH and identical physiological temperature.[1] SBF was first introduced by Kokubo et al. in order to evaluate the changes on a surface of a bioactive glass ceramic.[2] Later, cell culture media (such as DMEM, MEM, α-MEM, etc.), in combination with some methodologies adopted in cell culture, were proposed as an alternative to conventional SBF in assessing the bioactivity of materials.[3]
^Kokubo, T.; Kushitani, H.; Sakka, S.; Kitsugi, T.; Yamamuro, T. (1990). "Solutions able to reproduce in vivo surface-structure changes in bioactive glass–ceramic A–W". Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. 24 (6): 721–734. doi:10.1002/jbm.820240607. PMID2361964.
^Lee, J.; Leng, Y.; Chow, K.; Ren, F.; Ge, X.; Wang, K.; Lu, X. (2011). "Cell culture medium as an alternative to conventional simulated body fluid". Acta Biomaterialia. 7 (6): 2615–22. doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2011.02.034. PMID21356333.