Single-pass membrane protein

Schematic representation of transmembrane proteins: 1. a protein with single transmembrane α-helix (a single-pass membrane protein) (bitopic) 2. a polytopic transmembrane α-helical protein 3. a polytopic transmembrane β-sheet protein
The membrane is represented in yellow.

A single-pass membrane protein also known as single-spanning protein or bitopic protein is a transmembrane protein that spans the lipid bilayer only once.[1][2] These proteins may constitute up to 50% of all transmembrane proteins, depending on the organism, and contribute significantly to the network of interactions between different proteins in cells, including interactions via transmembrane alpha helices.[3] They usually include one or several water-soluble domains situated at the different sides of biological membranes, for example in single-pass transmembrane receptors.[4] Some of them are small and serve as regulatory or structure-stabilizing subunits in large multi-protein transmembrane complexes, such as photosystems or the respiratory chain. More than 2300 single-pass membrane proteins were identified in the human genome.[5]

  1. ^ "Single-pass membrane protein". www.uniprot.org.
  2. ^ Membrane Structural Biology: With Biochemical and Biophysical Foundations, by Mary Luckey, 2014, Cambridge University Press, page 91.
  3. ^ Zviling, Moti; Kochva, Uzi; Arkin, Isaiah T. (2007). "How important are transmembrane helices of bitopic membrane proteins?". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes. 1768 (3): 387–392. doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2006.11.019. PMID 17258687.
  4. ^ Pahl, Matthew C; Askinazi, Olga L; Hamilton, Catherine; Cheng, Irene; Cichewicz, Karol; Kuhn, Jason; Manohar, Sumanth; Deppmann, Christopher D (2013-10-18). "Signalling via Single-Pass Transmembrane Proteins". eLS: a0025160. doi:10.1002/9780470015902.a0025160. ISBN 978-0-470-01617-6.
  5. ^ List of single-pass transmembrane proteins in humans according to Membranome database