Sir James Foulis, 5th Baronet (1714–1791) was the fifth Baronet of Colinton and an antiquarian.
He was the eldest son of Henry Foulis, third son of the third baronet He succeeded his uncle, the fourth Baronet, in July 1742. In his youth he was an officer in the army, but he retired from the service early, and devoted himself to the pursuits of a country gentleman and to literature. He occupied the Castle of Colinton having inherited lands there and mills nearby. He married a Mary Wightman and had sons, James and Henry, and a daughter, Elizabeth.