Sixteenth Street Historic District | |
 From left to right on each row: 1600-1616 16th Street NW, National Geographic Society Headquarters, Embassy of Kazakhstan; Edlavitch Jewish Community Center, intersection of 16th and Q Streets NW, 2020-2024 16th Street NW; 1625-1631 16th Street NW, Samuel Hahnemann Monument, 1212-1222 16th Street NW | |
 | |
| Location | 16th Street NW between H Street and Florida Avenue, Washington, D.C., US |
|---|---|
| Area | 1.25 miles (2.01 km) |
| Built | 1816-1959 |
| Architect | Multiple |
| Architectural style | Art Deco, Beaux-Arts, Gothic Revival, Italianate, Modern, Neoclassical, Queen Anne, Richardsonian Romanesque |
| NRHP reference No. | 78003060 (original) 07000671 (increase) |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | August 25, 1978 |
| Boundary increase | July 11, 2007 |
| Designated DCIHS | March 9, 1977 |
The Sixteenth Street Historic District is a 1.25-mile (2.01 km) linear historic district in Washington, D.C., that includes all structures along 16th Street NW between H Street and Florida Avenue. The district's southern boundary is bordered by Lafayette Square, just north of the White House, and Meridian Hill Park on its northern boundary. It includes an eclectic mix of architectural styles on one of the city's most historic and important numbered streets including single and multi-family residential buildings, embassies, hotels, churches, and office buildings.
Most of the district's oldest structures are religious and residential buildings, while many of the commercial buildings were built in the early to mid-20th century. The stretch of 16th Street between Scott Circle and Florida Avenue was recognized as a historic district in 1978 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places, and in 2007 it was expanded to include buildings south of Scott Circle to H Street. The historic district is also listed on the District of Columbia Inventory of Historic Sites.
The street was laid out in the 1791 plan by engineer and architect Pierre Charles L'Enfant. Most of 16th Street remained undeveloped until after the Civil War when the street and city itself began to experience large-scale growth and development during the Reconstruction era. By the late 19th century, 16th Street had become a fashionable area lined with elaborate homes and this popularity continued into the early 20th century.
Years later many of these homes were razed to make way for hotels, commercial buildings, and other projects before historic preservation gained popularity. Some of these replacement buildings have since been razed or remodeled, including the Third Church of Christ, Scientist, which was demolished in 2014 following years of legal battles, and the Embassy of Australia, demolished in 2020.
The district includes several individually listed buildings and monuments. Three of these are National Historic Landmarks: St. John's Episcopal Church, the Carnegie Institution of Washington Administration Building, and the Robert Simpson Woodward House. Significant contributing properties in the historic district include the Embassy of Kazakhstan, Hay–Adams Hotel, House of the Temple, and the Russian ambassador's residence. Noted architects whose work is represented in the district include Carrère and Hastings, Arthur B. Heaton, Benjamin Henry Latrobe, Mihran Mesrobian, John Russell Pope, and Jules Henri de Sibour.