Sodium cyanide

Sodium cyanide
Sodium cyanide bonding
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.005.091 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 205-599-4
RTECS number
  • VZ7525000
UNII
UN number 1689
  • InChI=1S/CN.Na/c1-2;/q-1;+1 checkY
    Key: MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1S/CN.Na/c1-2;/q-1;+1
    Key: MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYAG
  • [C-]#N.[Na+]
Properties
NaCN
Molar mass 49.0072 g/mol
Appearance white solid
Odor faint bitter almond-like
Density 1.5955 g/cm3
Melting point 563.7 °C (1,046.7 °F; 836.9 K)
Boiling point 1,496 °C (2,725 °F; 1,769 K)
48.15 g/100 mL (10 °C)
63.7 g/100 mL (25 °C)
Solubility soluble in ammonia, methanol, ethanol
very slightly soluble in dimethylformamide, SO2
insoluble in dimethyl sulfoxide
1.452
Thermochemistry[1]
70.4 J·mol−1·K−1
115.6 J·mol−1·K−1
−87.5 kJ·mol−1
−76.4 kJ·mol−1
Enthalpy of fusion (ΔfH⦵fus)
 8.79 kJ·mol−1
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS06: Toxic GHS09: Environmental hazard
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 4: Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury. E.g. VX gasFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
4
0
0
Flash point Non-flammable
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
6.44 mg/kg (rat, oral)
4 mg/kg (sheep, oral)
15 mg/kg (mammal, oral)
8 mg/kg (rat, oral)[3]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 5 mg/m3[2]
REL (Recommended)
 C 5 mg/m3 (4.7 ppm) [10-minute][2]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 25 mg/m3 (as CN)[2]
Safety data sheet (SDS) ICSC 1118
Related compounds
Other cations
 Potassium cyanide
Related compounds
 Hydrogen cyanide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Sodium cyanide is a compound with the formula NaCN and the structure Na+ −C≡N. It is a white, water-soluble solid. Cyanide has a high affinity for metals, which leads to the high toxicity of this salt. Its main application, in gold mining, also exploits its high reactivity toward metals. It is a moderately strong base.

  1. ^ CRC handbook of chemistry and physics : a ready-reference book of chemical and physical data. William M. Haynes, David R. Lide, Thomas J. Bruno (2016-2017, 97th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida. 2016. ISBN 978-1-4987-5428-6. OCLC 930681942.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)
  2. ^ a b c NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0562". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  3. ^ "Cyanides (as CN)". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).