Sodium perchlorate

Sodium perchlorate
Names
	Other names Perchloric acid, sodium salt; Sodium chlorate(VII); Sodium hyperchlorate;
Identifiers
CAS Number	7601-89-0 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:132103 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1644700 ;
ChemSpider	22668 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.028.647
EC Number	231-511-9;
PubChem CID	522606;
RTECS number	SC9800000;
UNII	97F4MTY3VA ;
UN number	1502
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID1034185 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/ClHO4.Na/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);/q;+1/p-1 Key: BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M ; InChI=1/ClHO4.Na/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);/q;+1/p-1 Key: BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-REWHXWOFAU;
	SMILES [Na+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O;
Properties
Chemical formula	NaClO4 (anhydrous); NaClO4·H2O (monohydrate)
Molar mass	122.44 g/mol (anhydrous); 140.45 g/mol (monohydrate)
Appearance	White crystalline solid
Density	2.4994 g/cm3 (anhydrous); 2.02 g/cm3 (monohydrate)
Melting point	468 °C (874 °F; 741 K) (decomposes, anhydrous) ; 130 °C (monohydrate)
Boiling point	482 °C (900 °F; 755 K) (decomposes, monohydrate)
Solubility in water	209.6 g/(100 mL) (25 °C, anhydrous) ; 209 g/(100 mL) (15 °C, monohydrate)
Refractive index (nD)	1.4617
Structure
Crystal structure	orthorhombic
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H271, H302, H319, H373
Precautionary statements	P102, P220, P305+P351+P338, P338
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	2 0 1 OX
Flash point	400 °C (752 °F; 673 K)
Safety data sheet (SDS)	ICSC 0715
Related compounds
Other anions	Sodium chloride; Sodium hypochlorite; Sodium chlorite; Sodium chlorate;
Other cations	Lithium perchlorate; Potassium perchlorate; Rubidium perchlorate; Caesium perchlorate; Ammonium perchlorate;
Related compounds	Perchloric acid
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Sodium perchlorate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Na Cl O₄. It consists of sodium cations Na⁺ and perchlorate anions ClO−4. It is a white crystalline, hygroscopic solid that is highly soluble in water and ethanol. It is usually encountered as sodium perchlorate monohydrate NaClO₄·H₂O. The compound is noteworthy as the most water-soluble of the common perchlorate salts.

Sodium perchlorate and other perchlorates has been found on the planet Mars, first detected by the NASA probe Phoenix in 2009. This was later confirmed by spectral analysis by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter in 2015 of what is thought to be brine seeps which may be the first evidence of flowing liquid water containing hydrated salts on Mars.^[1]^[2]

^ Wadsworth, Jennifer; Cockell, Charles S. (July 6, 2017). "Perchlorates on Mars enhance the bacteriocidal effects of UV light". Scientific Reports. 7 (2017, #4662): 4662. Bibcode:2017NatSR...7.4662W. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-04910-3. PMC 5500590. PMID 28684729.
^ Delbecq, Denis (September 28, 2015). "De l'eau liquide répérée sur les pentes martiennes" [Liquid water spotted on Martian slopes]. Le Temps (in French). Archived from the original on January 18, 2017. Retrieved August 23, 2021.

[1] Wadsworth, Jennifer; Cockell, Charles S. (July 6, 2017). "Perchlorates on Mars enhance the bacteriocidal effects of UV light". Scientific Reports. 7 (2017, #4662): 4662. Bibcode:2017NatSR...7.4662W. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-04910-3. PMC 5500590. PMID 28684729.

[2] Delbecq, Denis (September 28, 2015). "De l'eau liquide répérée sur les pentes martiennes" [Liquid water spotted on Martian slopes]. Le Temps (in French). Archived from the original on January 18, 2017. Retrieved August 23, 2021.

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