Sofim 8140 engine

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The 8140 was a diesel engine made by Sofim for cars. Originally introduced as a swirl chamber, naturally aspirated diesel it was mostly used in commercial vehicles worldwide.

At the time of introduction, the 8140's overhead camshaft layout (driven by a toothed timingbelt) was unexpected in a diesel engine, which were typically overhead valve designs.^[1] Turbocharging the original engine, the design of which was finished in 1974, was impeded until 1985 due to restrictions of the original design.^[2] Heat flux issues with the aluminium head and swirl chambers were eventually overcome, but did slow down development.

First direct injection models also appeared in the mid-1980s.

Additionally to the Fiat designation 8140 some engines got a Renault tag (S8 for indirect injection, S9 for direct injection).