Sollipulli

Sollipulli
Aerial photograph of volcan Sollipulli, looking southeast. The dark red feature on the side of Sollipulli is the cinder cone called Chufquen which formed during the most recent eruption, about 700 years ago.
Highest point
Elevation2,282 m (7,487 ft)[1]
ListingList of volcanoes in Chile
Coordinates38°58′30″S 71°31′12″W / 38.97500°S 71.52000°W / -38.97500; -71.52000[1]
Geography
Sollipulli is located in Chile
Sollipulli
Sollipulli
Location of Sollipulli
in Chile
LocationSouthern Chile
Parent rangeAndes
Geology
Mountain typeCaldera
Volcanic arc/beltSouthern Volcanic Zone of the Andes
Last eruption1240 ± 50 years[1]

Sollipulli (Spanish pronunciation: [soʝiˈpuʝi]; lit.'reddish mountain' in the Mapuche language[2]) is an ice-filled volcanic caldera and volcanic complex, which lies southeast of the small town of Melipeuco in the La Araucanía Region, Chile. It is part of the Southern Volcanic Zone of the Andes, one of the four volcanic belts in the Andes chain.

The volcano has evolved in close contact with glacial ice. It differs from many calderas in that Sollipulli appears to have collapsed in a non-explosive manner. The age of collapse is not yet known, but it is presently filled with ice to thicknesses of 650 m (2,130 ft). The ice drains through two glaciers in the west and the north of the caldera. Sollipulli has developed on a basement formed by Mesozoic and Cenozoic geological formations.

Sollipulli was active in the Pleistocene and Holocene epochs. A large Plinian eruption occurred 2,960–2,780 years before present, forming the Alpehué crater and generating a high eruption column and ignimbrite deposits. The last activity occurred 710 ± 60 years before present and formed the Chufquén scoria cone on the northern flank. Sollipulli is among the 118 volcanoes which have been active in recent history.

  1. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference GVP was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference Bobylyova2016 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).