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Somali Democratic Republic | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1969–1991 | |||||||||
| Anthem: Soomaaliya Ha Noolaato (Somali) "Somalia will live on" | |||||||||
-Blue_version.svg) | |||||||||
| Capital | Mogadishu | ||||||||
| Official languages | Somali | ||||||||
| Common languages | Somali Arabic English Italian | ||||||||
| Religion | Islam | ||||||||
| Government | Unitary Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist republic under a totalitarian military dictatorship | ||||||||
| President | |||||||||
• 1969–1991 | Mohammed Siad Barrea | ||||||||
| Vice President | |||||||||
• 1976–1991 | Mohamed Ali Samatar | ||||||||
| Historical era | Cold War | ||||||||
| 21 October 1969 | |||||||||
| 13 July 1977 | |||||||||
| 10 March 1978 | |||||||||
| 26 January 1991 | |||||||||
| Area | |||||||||
| 1972[1] | 637,657 km2 (246,201 sq mi) | ||||||||
| 1977[2] | 957,657 km2 (369,753 sq mi) | ||||||||
| 1991[3] | 637,657 km2 (246,201 sq mi) | ||||||||
| Population | |||||||||
• 1972[1] | 2,941,000 | ||||||||
• 1977[2] | 6,709,161 | ||||||||
| Currency | Somali shilling[4] (SOS) | ||||||||
| Calling code | 252 | ||||||||
| ISO 3166 code | SO | ||||||||
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The Somali Democratic Republic (Somali: Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiya Soomaaliyeed; Arabic: الجمهورية الديمقراطية الصومالية, al-Jumhūrīyah ad-Dīmuqrāṭīyah aṣ-Ṣūmālīyah) was a socialist state in Somalia that existed from 1969 to 1991.
Established in October 1969, the Somali Democratic Republic emerged as a socialist one-party state following a coup d'état led by Major General Mohamed Siad Barre and the Somali military.[5][6][7][8] This coup occurred just six days after the assassination of Abdirashid Shermarke, the second President of the Somali Republic, by a bodyguard.[7] Barre's administration governed Somalia for the next 21 years until the rise of Ethiopian-backed Somali rebel groups, which ultimately led to the government's collapse and the onset of civil war in 1991.[9]
- ^ Census, United States Bureau of the (December 23, 1980). "World Population 1979: Recent Demographic Estimates for the Countries and Regions of the World". The Bureau – via Google Books.
- ^ "ТОТАЛЬНАЯ СОЦИАЛИСТИЧЕСКАЯ ВОЙНА. Недокументальные записки " « Военно-патриотический сайт «Отвага" Военно-патриотический сайт "Отвага"". Archived from the original on 2019-05-09. Retrieved 2009-05-27.
- ^ "The 1991 CIA World Factbook" – via Internet Archive.
- ^ la Fosse Wiles, Peter John de (1982). The New Communist Third World: An Essay in Political Economy. Taylor & Francis. p. 1590. ISBN 0-7099-2709-6.
- ^ J. D. Fage, Roland Anthony Oliver, The Cambridge history of Africa, Volume 8, (Cambridge University Press: 1985), p.478.
- ^ The Encyclopedia Americana: complete in thirty volumes. Skin to Sumac, Volume 25, (Grolier: 1995), p.214.
- ^ a b Moshe Y. Sachs, Worldmark Encyclopedia of the Nations, Volume 2, (Worldmark Press: 1988), p.290.
- ^ Permanent Mission of the Somali Republic to the United Nations. "Country Facts | Somalia". www.un.int. United Nations. Retrieved 5 August 2024.
- ^ Cordesman, Anthony H. (2019). The Gulf And The Search For Strategic Stability. Taylor & Francis. p. 797. ISBN 9781000302066.