| Sovereign of all Russia | |
|---|---|
.svg) Seal of the Sovereign (1475) | |
 Last to Reign Ivan IV | |
| Details | |
| Last monarch | Ivan IV |
| Formation | 12 February 1446 |
| Appointer | Hereditary |
The Sovereign of all Russia,[a][1][2][3] also the Sovereign and Grand Prince of all Russia,[b][c] was a title used by the grand princes of Moscow.[4] The title was later changed to sovereign, tsar and grand prince.
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
hartogwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Filjushkin, Alexander (2008). Ivan the Terrible : a military history. London. p. 278. ISBN 9781848325043.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Payne, Robert (2002). Ivan the Terrible (1st Cooper Square Press ed.). New York: Cooper Square Press. pp. 24–25. ISBN 9780815412298.
- ^ Kidner, Frank L. (2014). Making Europe: the story of the West (2. complete ed.). Boston, MA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning. p. 382. ISBN 978-1111841317.