 | |
| Mission type | Salyut 3 crew transport |
|---|---|
| Operator | Soviet space program |
| COSPAR ID | 1974-051A |
| SATCAT no. | 7361 |
| Mission duration | 15 days, 17 hours and 30 minutes |
| Orbits completed | 255 |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft | Soyuz 7K-T No.3 |
| Spacecraft type | Soyuz 7K-T/A9 |
| Manufacturer | OKB-1 |
| Launch mass | 6,570 kg (14,480 lb)[1] |
| Landing mass | 1,200 kg (2,600 lb) |
| Crew | |
| Crew size | 2 |
| Members | Pavel Popovich Yuri Artyukhin |
| Callsign | Беркут (Berkut - "Golden Eagle") |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 3 July 1974, 18:51:08 UTC |
| Rocket | Soyuz 11A511 |
| Launch site | Baikonur 1/5[2] |
| End of mission | |
| Landing date | 19 July 1974, 12:21:36 UTC |
| Landing site | 140 km (87 mi) at the southeast of Dzhezkazgan, Kazakhstan |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric orbit[3] |
| Regime | Low Earth orbit |
| Perigee altitude | 250 km (160 mi) |
| Apogee altitude | 277 km (172 mi) |
| Inclination | 51.60° |
| Period | 89.70 minutes |
| Docking with Salyut 3[4] | |
| Docking date | 3 July 1974, 21:00 UTC |
| Undocking date | 19 July 1974, 09:03 UTC |
| Time docked | 15 days, 12 hours and 3 minutes |
 Vimpel Diamond for entrainment patch  Soviet stamp featuring Popovich and Artyukhin (1974) | |
Soyuz 14 (Russian: Союз 14, Union 14) was a July, 1974, crewed spaceflight to the Salyut 3 space station. Soyuz 14 is also the name given to the Soyuz spacecraft which was used to bring the cosmonauts to and from the station. The mission was part of the Soviet Union's Almaz program to evaluate the military applications of crew spaceflight. The mission's crew members were cosmonauts Pavel Popovich and Yuri Artyukhin. At the time, the military nature of this mission and the station itself were not acknowledged by Soviet authorities.
The flight was the first successful mission to a space station by the Soviets.[5] The mission proved to be the only one for Salyut 3 as Soyuz 15 failed to dock with the station in August 1974 and the station was de-orbited in January 1975. With the American Skylab missions now complete, the flight marked the start of the monopoly of crewed space activities by the Soviets until the 1981 launch of STS 1, the first Space Shuttle flight, save for the joint Apollo–Soyuz flight of 1975.[6]
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