Sphingomonas

Sphingomonas
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Pseudomonadota
Class: Alphaproteobacteria
Order: Sphingomonadales
Family: Sphingomonadaceae
Genus: Sphingomonas
Yabuuchi et al., 1990
Species

Sphingomonas abaci
Sphingomonas abikonensis
Sphingomonas adhaesiva
Sphingomonas aerolata
Sphingomonas aerophila[1] Sphingomonas aestuarii
Sphingomonas alaskensis
Sphingomonas alpina
Sphingomonas aquatilis
Sphingomonas aromaticivorans
Sphingomonas asaccharolytica
Sphingomonas astaxanthinifaciens
Sphingomonas aurantiaca
Sphingomonas azotifigens
Sphingomonas baekryungensis
Sphingomonas capsulata
Sphingomonas canadensis[1]
Sphingomonas changbaiensis
Sphingomonas chlorophenolica
Sphingomonas chungbukensis
Sphingomonas cloacae
Sphingomonas cynarae
Sphingomonas daechungensis[1]
Sphingomonas desiccabilis
Sphingomonas dokdonensis
Sphingomonas echinoides
Sphingomonas elodea
Sphingomonas endophytica
Sphingomonas faeni
Sphingomonas fennica
Sphingomonas flava[1]
Sphingomonas formosensis
Sphingomonas gei[1]
Sphingomonas gimensis[1]
Sphingomonas ginsengisoli
Sphingomonas ginsenosidimutans
Sphingomonas glacialis
Sphingomonas guangdongensis[1]
Sphingomonas haloaromaticamans
Sphingomonas hankookensis
Sphingomonas herbicidovorans
Sphingomonas histidinilytica
Sphingomonas indica
Sphingomonas insulae
Sphingomonas japonica
Sphingomonas jaspsi
Sphingomonas jejuensis
Sphingomonas jinjuensis
Sphingomonas kaistensis
Sphingomonas koreensis
Sphingomonas kyeonggiensis[1]
Sphingomonas kyungheensis[1]
Sphingomonas lacus[1]
Sphingomonas laterariae
Sphingomonas leidyi
Sphingomonas macrogoltabidus
Sphingomonas mali
Sphingomonas melonis
Sphingomonas molluscorum
Sphingomonas morindae[1]
Sphingomonas mucosissima
Sphingomonas naasensis[1]
Sphingomonas natatoria
Sphingomonas oligoaromativorans[1]
Sphingomonas oligophenolica
Sphingomonas oryziterrae
Sphingomonas panni
Sphingomonas parapaucimobilis
Sphingomonas paucimobilis
Sphingomonas phyllosphaerae
Sphingomonas pituitosa
Sphingomonas polyaromaticivorans
Sphingomonas pruni
Sphingomonas pseudosanguinis[1]
Sphingomonas psychrolutea[1]
Sphingomonas rosa
Sphingomonas roseiflava
Sphingomonas rubra
Sphingomonas sanguinis
Sphingomonas sanxanigenens
Sphingomonas sediminicola
Sphingomonas soli
Sphingomonas starnbergensis
Sphingomonas stygia
Sphingomonas subarctica
Sphingomonas suberifaciens
Sphingomonas subterranea
Sphingomonas taejonensis
Sphingomonas terrae
Sphingomonas trueperi
Sphingomonas ursincola
Sphingomonas vulcanisoli[1]
Sphingomonas wittichii
Sphingomonas xenophaga
Sphingomonas xinjiangensis[1]
Sphingomonas yabuuchiae
Sphingomonas yantingensis[1]
Sphingomonas yanoikuyae
Sphingomonas yunnanensis Sphingomonas zeae[1]

Sphingomonas was defined in 1990 as a group of Gram-negative, rod-shaped, chemoheterotrophic, strictly aerobic bacteria. They possess ubiquinone 10 as their major respiratory quinone, contain glycosphingolipids (GSLs), specifically ceramide, instead of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in their cell envelopes, and typically produce yellow-pigmented colonies. The GSL serves to protect the bacteria from antibacterial substances. Unlike most Gram-negative bacteria, Sphingomonas cannot carry endotoxins due to the lack of lipopolysaccharides, and has a hydrophobic surface characterized by the short nature of the GSL's carbohydrate portion.[2]

By 2001, the genus included more than 20 species that were quite diverse in terms of their phylogenetic, ecological, and physiological properties. As a result, Sphingomonas was subdivided into different genera: Sphingomonas, Sphingobium, Novosphingobium, Sphingosinicella, and Sphingopyxis. These genera are commonly referred to collectively as sphingomonads. Distinct from other sphingomonads, Sphingomonas genomic structure includes a unique lipid formation, major 2-OH fatty acids, homospermidine as the primary polyamine, and signature nucleotide bases within the 16S rRNA gene. The bacteria holds 3914 proteins, 70 organizational RNA, and 3,948,000 base pairs (incomplete observation).[2]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s LPSN lpsn.dsmz.de
  2. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference mw was invoked but never defined (see the help page).