The spin Hall effect (SHE) is a transport phenomenon predicted by Russian physicists Mikhail I. Dyakonov and Vladimir I. Perel in 1971.[1][2] It consists of the appearance of spin accumulation on the lateral surfaces of an electric current-carrying sample, the signs of the spin directions being opposite on the opposing boundaries. In a cylindrical wire, the current-induced surface spins will wind around the wire. When the current direction is reversed, the directions of spin orientation is also reversed.
- ^ M. I. Dyakonov and V. I. Perel (1971). "Possibility of orientating electron spins with current". Sov. Phys. JETP Lett. 13: 467. Bibcode:1971JETPL..13..467D.
- ^ M. I. Dyakonov & V. I. Perel (1971). "Current-induced spin orientation of electrons in semiconductors". Phys. Lett. A. 35 (6): 459. Bibcode:1971PhLA...35..459D. doi:10.1016/0375-9601(71)90196-4.