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.jpg) Russian Ministry of Health image of Gam-COVID-Vac vials | |
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| Target | SARS-CoV-2 |
| Vaccine type | Viral vector |
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| Routes of administration | Intramuscular |
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| Part of a series on the |
| COVID-19 pandemic |
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.svg){kind=small} COVID-19 portal |
Sputnik V (Russian: Спутник V, the brand name from the Russian Direct Investment Fund or RDIF) or Gam-COVID-Vac (Russian: Гам-КОВИД-Вак, the name under which it is legally registered and produced[4]) is an adenovirus viral vector vaccine for COVID-19 developed by the Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology in Russia. It is the world's first registered combination vector vaccine for the prevention of COVID-19, having been registered on 11 August 2020 by the Russian Ministry of Health.[5][6]
Gam-COVID-Vac was initially approved for distribution in Russia and then in 59 other countries (as of April 2021) on the preliminary results of Phase I–II studies eventually published on 4 September 2020.[7] Approval in early August of Gam-COVID-Vac was met with criticism in mass media and discussions in the scientific community as to whether approval was justified in the absence of robust scientific research confirming safety and efficacy.[5][6][8][9][10] A large-scale Brazilian study from Dec. 2020 to May 2021 confirmed its effectiveness and safety, as of Oxford–AstraZeneca's, i.e. above Sinopharm BIBP's.[11]
Emergency mass-distribution of the vaccine began in December 2020 in countries including Russia, Argentina, Belarus, Hungary, Serbia, Pakistan (in limited quantities), the Philippines (in limited quantities), and the United Arab Emirates. The Sputnik V is currently registered and certified in 71 countries.[12] However, as of April 2022 less than 2.5% of the people vaccinated worldwide have taken a Sputnik V dose.[13] In early 2022, as a result of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the United States and other countries placed the Russian Direct Investment Fund (RDIF) on the list of sanctioned Russian entities and people,[14][15] significantly reducing Sputnik V's future commercial prospects.[14][13]
The Gam-COVID-Vac vaccine itself is available in two forms: frozen (vaccine storage: below −18 °C) and liquid (vaccine storage: from +2 to +8 °C, produced a little). In addition to the main vaccine, vaccines and its derivatives were registered: Gam-COVID-Vac-Lyo (Russian: Гам-КОВИД-Вак-Лио, no data on use), Sputnik Light (Russian: Спутник Лайт, used for revaccination, as well as vaccination of foreigners in Russia), Gam-COVID-Vac-M (Russian: Гам-КОВИД-Вак-М, for vaccination of adolescents 12–17 years old[16]).
- ^ "Sputnik V". Russian drug reference. Medum.ru. Archived from the original on 31 January 2021. Retrieved 21 December 2020.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
reuters-brazil-importauthwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Patent Landscape Report COVID-19-related vaccines and therapeutics" (PDF).
- ^ "Государственный реестр лекарственных средств". grls.rosminzdrav.ru. Archived from the original on 14 April 2023. Retrieved 12 April 2023.
- ^ a b Callaway E (August 2020). "Russia's fast-track coronavirus vaccine draws outrage over safety". Nature. 584 (7821): 334–335. doi:10.1038/d41586-020-02386-2. PMID 32782400. S2CID 221107555.
This is a reckless and foolish decision. Mass vaccination with an improperly tested vaccine is unethical. Any problem with the Russian vaccination campaign would be disastrous, both through its negative effects on health, but also because it would further set back the acceptance of vaccines in the population.
- ^ a b Cohen J (11 August 2020). "Russia's approval of a COVID-19 vaccine is less than meets the press release". Science. Archived from the original on 20 April 2022. Retrieved 13 August 2020.
- ^ Logunov DY, Dolzhikova IV, Zubkova OV, Tukhvatullin AI, Shcheblyakov DV, Dzharullaeva AS, et al. (September 2020). "Safety and immunogenicity of an rAd26 and rAd5 vector-based heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccine in two formulations: two open, non-randomised phase 1/2 studies from Russia". Lancet. 396 (10255): 887–897. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31866-3. PMC 7471804. PMID 32896291.
- ^ Mahase E (August 2020). "Covid-19: Russia approves vaccine without large scale testing or published results". BMJ. 370: m3205. doi:10.1136/bmj.m3205. PMID 32816758.
- ^ Burki TK (November 2020). "The Russian vaccine for COVID-19". The Lancet. Respiratory Medicine. 8 (11): e85–e86. doi:10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30402-1. PMC 7837053. PMID 32896274.
- ^ Berkeley Jr L (11 August 2020). "Scientists worry whether Russia's Sputnik V' coronavirus vaccine is safe and effective". CNBC. Archived from the original on 10 March 2021. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Brazilwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Russia expects WHO approval of Sputnik V vaccine by end of 2021 — RDIF". Archived from the original on 24 November 2021. Retrieved 24 November 2021.
- ^ a b Hoffman M (9 April 2022). "How Russia's Ukraine invasion doomed the Sputnik V coronavirus vaccine". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 10 April 2022. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
- ^ a b Webster P (March 2022). "Russian COVID-19 vaccine in jeopardy after Ukraine invasion". Nature Medicine: d41591–022–00042-y. doi:10.1038/d41591-022-00042-y. PMID 35293390. S2CID 247475281.
- ^ "Treasury Prohibits Transactions with Central Bank of Russia and Imposes Sanctions on Key Sources of Russia's Wealth". U.S. Department of the Treasury. Archived from the original on 18 June 2023. Retrieved 25 April 2022.
- ^ According to Russian law, citizens aged 18 and over are considered adults and are vaccinated with the Gam-COVID-Vac vaccine.