St. John's | |
|---|---|
| City of St. John's | |
 From top, left to right: Sunset from Signal Hill, Row Houses, Cabot Tower on Signal Hill, the Basilica of St. John the Baptist, the Confederation Building | |
 Flag | |
| Motto: Avancez (English: "Go forward") | |
 | |
  St. John's Location within Newfoundland and Labrador  St. John's Location within Canada | |
| Coordinates: 47°33′41″N 52°42′43″W / 47.56139°N 52.71194°W[4] | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Newfoundland and Labrador |
| Census division | 1 |
| Historic countries | Kingdom of England Kingdom of Great Britain United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Dominion of Newfoundland |
| Discovered | 24 June 1497 (Not as an established settlement, but as fishing grounds) |
| Established | 5 August 1583 by Royal Charter of Queen Elizabeth I |
| Incorporated | 1 May 1888 |
| Named for | Nativity of John the Baptist |
| Government | |
| • Type | City Council |
| • Mayor | Danny Breen |
| • Governing body | St. John's City Council |
| • MPs | List of MPs |
| • MHAs | List of MHAs |
| Area (2021[5]) | |
• City | 446.02 km2 (172.21 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 178.0 km2 (68.7 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 931.56 km2 (359.68 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 0–192 m (0–630 ft) |
| Population | |
• City | 110,525 |
| • Density | 247.8/km2 (632.1/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 185,565 |
| • Urban density | 1,042.5/km2 (2,700/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 212,579 |
| • Metro density | 228.2/km2 (591/sq mi) |
| 20th Largest metropolitan area in Canada | |
| Time zone | UTC−03:30 (NST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−02:30 (NDT) |
| Postal code | A1A–A1H, A1S |
| Area code | 709 |
| NTS Map | 1N10 St. John's |
| GNBC Code | ABEFS[6] |
| Total Dwellings | 54,067 (2021)[5] |
| Median total household income | $75,000 CAD (2020)[5] |
| GDP (St. John's CMA) | CA$13.2 billion (2016)[7] |
| GDP per capita (St. John's CMA) | CA$63,965 (2016) |
| Website | stjohns |
St. John's is the capital and largest city of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. It is located on the eastern tip of the Avalon Peninsula on the island of Newfoundland. The city spans 446.04 km2 (172.22 sq mi) and is the easternmost city in North America (excluding Greenland).[8][9][10][11] The closest European settlement is Fajã Grande, Azores, Portugal, about 2,000 km (1,200 mi) away.
Its name has been attributed to the belief that John Cabot sailed into the harbour on the Nativity of John the Baptist in 1497, although it is most likely a legend that came with British settlement. A more realistic possibility is that a fishing village with the same name existed without a permanent settlement for most of the 16th century.[12] Indicated as São João on a Portuguese map from 1519, it is one of the oldest cities in North America.[13][failed verification] It was officially incorporated as a city in 1888. With a metropolitan population of approximately 212,579 (as of 9 February 2022), the St. John's Metropolitan Area is Canada's 20th-largest metropolitan area and the second-largest Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) in Atlantic Canada, after Halifax.[14]
The city has a rich history, having played a role in the Seven Years' War, the American Revolutionary War, and the War of 1812. Italian inventor Guglielmo Marconi received the first transatlantic wireless signal in St. John's.[15] Its history and culture have made it into an important tourist destination.[16] St. John's was referred to as Baile Sheáin (Johnstown), in the poetry of Donnchadh Ruadh Mac Conmara (1715–1810), and among speakers of the Irish language in Newfoundland.[17]
- ^ "St. John's – City of Legends". Memorial University. 13 February 2009. Archived from the original on 4 January 2015. Retrieved 4 January 2015.
- ^ "Remembrance – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. 26 January 2015. Archived from the original on 10 August 2009. Retrieved 27 April 2015.
- ^ "Search: Dictionary of Newfoundland English". Heritage.nf.ca. Archived from the original on 11 November 2013. Retrieved 27 April 2015.
- ^ "St. John's". Geographical Names Data Base. Natural Resources Canada.
- ^ a b c d Cite error: The named reference
2021censuswas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "St. John's". Geographical Names Data Base. Natural Resources Canada.
- ^ "Table 36-10-0468-01 Gross domestic product (GDP) at basic prices, by census metropolitan area (CMA) (x 1,000,000)". Statistics Canada. 27 January 2017. Archived from the original on 22 January 2021. Retrieved 27 April 2021.
- ^ "Cape Spear's 'most easterly' sign to stay in place". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. 29 June 2005. Archived from the original on 23 April 2023. Retrieved 2 January 2011.
- ^ "John Cabot's Voyage of 1497". Newfoundland and Labrador heritage Web Site Project. Memorial University of Newfoundland. November 2010. Archived from the original on 12 February 2015. Retrieved 8 August 2011.
- ^ "History of St. John's". St. John's Kiosk. Archived from the original on 3 January 2011. Retrieved 16 January 2011.
- ^ Paul O'Neill, The Oldest City: The Story of St. John's, Newfoundland, 2003, ISBN 0-9730271-2-6.
- ^ "Newfoundland History - Early Colonization and Settlement of Newfoundland". faculty.marianopolis.edu. Archived from the original on 4 July 2010. Retrieved 30 January 2023.
- ^ "Is St. John's the oldest city in North America? Not so, says local historian". CBC News. 3 January 2019. Archived from the original on 21 March 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2019.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (13 February 2018). "Annual population estimates by census metropolitan area, July 1, 2017". www150.statcan.gc.ca. Archived from the original on 12 July 2019. Retrieved 30 January 2023.
- ^ Belrose, John S. "Fessenden and Marconi: Their Differing Technologies and Transatlantic Experiments During the First Decade of this Century". IEEE Canada. Archived from the original on 28 December 2012. Retrieved 8 August 2011.
- ^ "Photos: Top 10 Oceanfront Cities – National Geographic". Travel.nationalgeographic.com. 20 December 2014. Archived from the original on 5 February 2015. Retrieved 27 April 2015.
- ^ Edited by Natasha Sumner and Aidan Doyle (2020), North American Gaels: Speech, Song, and Story in the Diaspora, McGill-Queen's University Press. Page 76.