| Stalag I-B | |
|---|---|
| Hohenstein, East Prussia (now Olsztynek, Poland) | |
 Stalag I-B's cemetery in Sudwa, with mass graves of Polish and Soviet prisoners | |
  Stalag I-B  Stalag I-B | |
| Coordinates | 53°34′50″N 20°15′15″E / 53.58068°N 20.25414°E |
| Type | Prisoner-of-war camp |
| Site information | |
| Controlled by |  Nazi Germany |
| Site history | |
| In use | 1939–1945 |
| Battles/wars | World War II |
| Garrison information | |
| Occupants | Polish, Belgian, French, Italian, Serbian and Soviet prisoners of war |
Stalag I-B Hohenstein was a German World War II prisoner-of-war camp located 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) west of Hohenstein, East Prussia (now Olsztynek, Poland).[1]
The camp was partially located on the grounds of the Tannenberg Memorial and initially included a set of wooden structures intended to house World War I veterans during German Nazi festivities.
Established in 1939 to house Polish soldiers captured in the course of the September Campaign, with time it was extended to house also Belgians, French, Italian, Serbian and Soviet soldiers. Harsh conditions, malnutrition, maltreatment and recurring typhoid epidemics led to many deaths among the prisoners.[2] Notably during the winter of 1941–42 roughly 25,000 people died there, mostly Soviet soldiers.
It is estimated that altogether 650,000 people passed through this camp and its sub-camps. Between 50[3] and 55 thousand of them were buried in 500 mass graves at the Sudwa cemetery located nearby. The site is commemorated with a memorial stone by Ryszard Wachowski. Since 1980 the Olsztynek-based municipal museum hosts a small exhibition devoted to the camp and its inmates.
Parts of the former camp were uncovered during construction of the S7 Expressway.[4]
- ^ GPS-practice-and-fun.com (corporate author). "Stalag 1B Hohenstein on the map". GPS-practice-and-fun.com. Archived from the original on 2011-07-11. Retrieved 2011-04-21.
{{cite web}}:|author=has generic name (help) - ^ Bohdan Koziełło-Poklewski, Bohdan Łukaszewicz, ed. (1985). Ze znakiem "P": relacje i wspomnienia z robót przymusowych w Prusach Wschodnich w latach II wojny światowej (in Polish). Olsztyn: Ośrodek Badań Naukowych im. Wojciecha Kętrzyńskiego w Olsztynie. pp. 11–13.
- ^ Maria Irena Mileska (1994). "Olsztynek". Słownik geograficzno-krajoznawczy Polski (in Polish). Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN. p. 478. ISBN 83-01-09822-8.
- ^ Tomasz Kurs (April 2011). "Buty jeńców na drodze do Euro 2012". Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish) (2011–04–19). ISSN 0860-908X. Archived from the original on 2011-08-22. Retrieved 2011-04-21.