The State Commercial Bank (Russian: Государственный коммерческий банк) was a public bank of the Russian Empire. It opened on 1 January 1818 (Old Style), largely replacing the Assignation Bank whose role as Russia's bank of issue had been undermined by inflation.[1]: 266 Like the rest of Russia's state-owned banking system, it collapsed in the financial crisis of 1859-1860 and was succeeded in 1860 by the State Bank of the Russian Empire.[2]