Sterol regulatory element-binding protein

Sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1
X-ray crystallography of Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1A with polydeoxyribonucleotide.[1]
Identifiers
SymbolSREBF1
NCBI gene6720
HGNC11289
OMIM184756
PDB1am9
RefSeqNM_004176
UniProtP36956
Other data
LocusChr. 17 p11.2
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StructuresSwiss-model
DomainsInterPro
sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 2
Identifiers
SymbolSREBF2
NCBI gene6721
HGNC11290
OMIM600481
RefSeqNM_004599
UniProtQ12772
Other data
LocusChr. 22 q13
Search for
StructuresSwiss-model
DomainsInterPro

Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) are transcription factors that bind to the sterol regulatory element DNA sequence TCACNCCAC.[2] Mammalian SREBPs are encoded by the genes SREBF1 and SREBF2. SREBPs belong to the basic-helix-loop-helix leucine zipper class of transcription factors.[3] Unactivated SREBPs are attached to the nuclear envelope and endoplasmic reticulum membranes. In cells with low levels of sterols, SREBPs are cleaved to a water-soluble N-terminal domain that is translocated to the nucleus. These activated SREBPs then bind to specific sterol regulatory element DNA sequences, thus upregulating the synthesis of enzymes involved in sterol biosynthesis.[4][5] Sterols in turn inhibit the cleavage of SREBPs and therefore synthesis of additional sterols is reduced through a negative feed back loop.

  1. ^ PDB: 1AM9​; Párraga A, Bellsolell L, Ferré-D'Amaré AR, Burley SK (1998). "Co-crystal structure of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1a at 2.3 A resolution". Structure. 6 (5): 661–72. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(98)00067-7. PMID 9634703.
  2. ^ Smith JR, Osborne TF, Goldstein JL, Brown MS (Feb 1990). "Identification of nucleotides responsible for enhancer activity of sterol regulatory element in low density lipoprotein receptor gene". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 265 (4): 2306–10. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)39976-4. PMID 2298751. S2CID 26062629.
  3. ^ Yokoyama C, Wang X, Briggs MR, Admon A, Wu J, Hua X, Goldstein JL, Brown MS (Oct 1993). "SREBP-1, a basic-helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper protein that controls transcription of the low density lipoprotein receptor gene". Cell. 75 (1): 187–97. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(05)80095-9. PMID 8402897. S2CID 2784016.
  4. ^ Wang X, Sato R, Brown MS, Hua X, Goldstein JL (Apr 1994). "SREBP-1, a membrane-bound transcription factor released by sterol-regulated proteolysis". Cell. 77 (1): 53–62. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(94)90234-8. PMID 8156598. S2CID 44899129.
  5. ^ Gasic GP (Apr 1994). "Basic-helix-loop-helix transcription factor and sterol sensor in a single membrane-bound molecule". Cell. 77 (1): 17–9. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(94)90230-5. PMID 8156593. S2CID 42988814.