Streptolysin

Streptolysin O
Identifiers
OrganismStreptococcus pyogenes serotype M1
Symbolslo
UniProtP0C0I3
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StructuresSwiss-model
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Streptolysin S
Identifiers
OrganismStreptococcus pyogenes serotype M4 (strain MGAS10750)
SymbolsagA
UniProtQ1J7I0
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StructuresSwiss-model
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Streptolysins are two homogenous exotoxins from Streptococcus pyogenes.[1][2] Types include streptolysin O (SLO; slo), which is oxygen-labile, and streptolysin S (SLS; sagA), which is oxygen-stable.[3]

SLO is part of the thiol-activated cytolysin family.[4] It is hemolytically active only in a reversibly reduced state. It is antigenic, so its antibody antistreptolysin O can be detected in an antistreptolysin O titre.

SLS is stable in the presence of oxygen. It is not antigenic due to its small size. It is sometimes considered a bacteriocin due to similarities in the synthesis pathway.[5]

  1. ^ "streptolysin" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
  2. ^ Streptolysin at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
  3. ^ Sierig G, Cywes C, Wessels MR, Ashbaugh CD (January 2003). "Cytotoxic effects of streptolysin o and streptolysin s enhance the virulence of poorly encapsulated group a streptococci". Infection and Immunity. 71 (1): 446–55. doi:10.1128/IAI.71.1.446-455.2003. PMC 143243. PMID 12496195.
  4. ^ Billington SJ, Jost BH, Songer JG (January 2000). "Thiol-activated cytolysins: structure, function and role in pathogenesis". FEMS Microbiology Letters. 182 (2): 197–205. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2000.tb08895.x. PMID 10620666.
  5. ^ Lee SW, Mitchell DA, Markley AL, Hensler ME, Gonzalez D, Wohlrab A, et al. (April 2008). "Discovery of a widely distributed toxin biosynthetic gene cluster". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 105 (15): 5879–84. doi:10.1073/pnas.0801338105. PMC 2311365. PMID 18375757.