The subgenual organ is an organ in insects that is involved in the perception of sound. The name (Latin sub: "below" and genus: "knee") refers to the location of the organ just below the knee in the tibia of all legs in most insects.
The function of the organ is performed by aggregations of scolopidia, the unit mechanoreceptor in invertebrates. The organ is thought to be an evolutionary artifact of ancestral insects who used their legs to detect vibrations in the underlying substrate.[citation needed]
The anatomy and innervation of the organ is highly variable between species. However, the organ may be sensitive enough to detect less than 1 nm of displacement in the ground, and sometimes airborne sound waves.[1][2][3][4] The sensitivity of the organ varies from species to species; in Orthoptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera, sensitivity is on the order of one (or greater) kilohertz, while in Hemiptera sensitivity reaches only a few hundred hertz.[5]
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