^Bushkovitch, Paul (2012). A Concise History of Russia. New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 36. ISBN9780521543231. Ivan III in his own time already had the reputation of the builder of the Russian state... The consolidation of Russia as a state was not just a territorial issue, for Ivan also began the development of a state apparatus...
^Feldbrugge, F. J. M. (17 June 1993). Russian Law: The End of the Soviet System and the Role of Law. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. pp. 78–79. ISBN978-0-7923-2359-4. Although it was the first major piece of all-Russian legislation since several centuries, covering a wide range of topics subject to the secular courts, it should not be regarded as a code in the modern sense