Clinical data | |
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AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a682130 |
Routes of administration | Topical cream, by mouth |
Drug class | Antibiotic (sulfonamide)[1] |
ATC code | |
Legal status | |
Legal status |
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Pharmacokinetic data | |
Bioavailability | ? |
Protein binding | 38-48%[1] |
Metabolism | Liver (acetylation)[1] |
Elimination half-life | 7-17 hours [1] |
Excretion | Urine [1] |
Identifiers | |
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CAS Number | |
PubChem CID | |
DrugBank | |
ChemSpider | |
UNII | |
KEGG | |
ChEMBL | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.623 |
Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C10H10N4O2S |
Molar mass | 250.28 g·mol−1 |
Melting point | 252 to 256 °C (486 to 493 °F) |
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Sulfadiazine is an antibiotic.[1] Used together with pyrimethamine, a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, it is the treatment of choice for toxoplasmosis, which is caused by a protozoan parasite.[3] It is a second-line treatment for otitis media, prophylaxis of rheumatic fever, chancroid, chlamydia, and infections by Haemophilus influenzae.[1] It is also used as adjunct therapy for chloroquine-resistant malaria and several forms of bacterial meningitis.[4] It is taken by mouth.[1] Sulfadiazine is available in multiple generic tablets of 500 mg. For urinary tract infections, the usual dose is 4 to 6 grams daily in 3 to 6 divided doses.[4]
Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, headache, fever, rash, depression, and pancreatitis.[1] It should not be used in people who have severe liver problems, kidney problems, or porphyria.[3] If used during pregnancy, it may increase the risk of kernicterus in the baby.[1] While the company that makes it does not recommend use during breastfeeding, use is believed to be safe if the baby is otherwise healthy.[2] It is in the sulfonamide class of medications.[1]
Sulfadiazine was approved for medical use in the United States in 1941.[1][5] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[6] Sulfadiazine is available as a generic medication.[1]