Sulfanyl

For the chemistry of organo thiyl radicals, see Thiyl radical.
Sulfanyl
Ball and stick model of sulfanyl
  Sulfur, S
  Hydrogen, H
Names
Systematic IUPAC name
Sulfanyl[2] (substitutive)
Hydridosulfur(•)[2] (additive)
Other names
λ1-Sulfane[1]
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
299
  • InChI=1S/HS/h1H checkY
    Key: PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • [SH]
Properties
HS•
Molar mass 33.073 g mol−1
Appearance Yellow gas[3]
Reacts
Thermochemistry
195.63 J K−1 mol−1
139.33 kJ mol−1
Related compounds
Related radicals
 Hydroxyl
Related compounds
 Hydrogen sulfide

Hydrogen disulfide

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Sulfanyl (HS•), also known as the mercapto radical, hydrosulfide radical, or hydridosulfur, is a simple radical molecule consisting of one hydrogen and one sulfur atom. The radical appears in metabolism in organisms as H2S is detoxified. Sulfanyl is one of the top three sulfur-containing gasses in gas giants such as Jupiter and is very likely to be found in brown dwarfs and cool stars. It was originally discovered by Margaret N. Lewis and John U. White at the University of California in 1939.[4] They observed molecular absorption bands around 325 nm belonging to the system designated by 2Σ+ ← 2Πi. They generated the radical by means of a radio frequency discharge in hydrogen sulfide.[5] HS• is formed during the degradation of hydrogen sulfide in the atmosphere of the Earth. This may be a deliberate action to destroy odours or a natural phenomenon.[6]

The organic analogue of sulfanyl is thiyl radical with the formula RS•, where R is some organic group (e.g., alkyl or aryl).

  1. ^ "Mercapto radical – Compound summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 16 September 2004. Identification and related records. Retrieved 12 October 2011.
  2. ^ a b "sulfanyl (CHEBI:29312)". Chemical entities of biological interest. UK: European Bioinformatics Institute. 6 November 2006. Main. Retrieved 8 October 2011.
  3. ^ Zahnle, Kevin; Mark S. Marley; R. S. Freedman; K. Lodders; J. J. Fortney (26 June 2009). "Atmospheric sulfur photochemistry on hot Jupiters". The Astrophysical Journal. 701 (1): L20–L24. arXiv:0903.1663v2. Bibcode:2009ApJ...701L..20Z. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/701/1/L20. S2CID 16431314.
  4. ^ Lewis, Margaret; John U. White (1939). "The band spectrum of HS". Physical Review. 55 (10): 894–898. Bibcode:1939PhRv...55..894L. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.55.894.
  5. ^ Harrison, Jeremy J.; Bryce E. Williamson (November 2005). "Magnetic circular dichroism of the mercapto radical in noble-gas matrices" (PDF). Journal of the Indian Institute of Science. 85: 391–402.
  6. ^ Mercado-Cabrera, Antonio; B. Jaramillo-Sierra; S.R. Barocio; R. Valencia-Alvarado; M. Pacheco-Pacheco; R. Peña-Eguiluz; R. Lopez-Callejas; A. Muñoz-Castro; A. De la Piedad-Beneitez (29 April 2009). "Environmental odour control by atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge" (PDF). ISPC. Retrieved 20 October 2011.