Surface dyslexia

Surface dyslexia
SpecialtyPediatrics
Symptomscannot recognize a word as a whole and retrieve its pronunciation from memory.
Causesdamage of the left parietal or temporal lobe.

Surface dyslexia is a type of dyslexia, or reading disorder.[1][2] According to Marshall & Newcombe's (1973) and McCarthy & Warrington's study (1990), patients with this kind of disorder cannot recognize a word as a whole due to the damage of the left parietal or temporal lobe. Individuals with surface dyslexia are unable to recognize a word as a whole word and retrieve its pronunciation from memory. Rather, individuals with surface dyslexia rely on pronunciation rules. Thus, patients with this particular type of reading disorder read non-words fluently, like "yatchet", but struggle with words that defy pronunciation rules (i.e. exception words). For example, a patient with surface dyslexia can correctly read regular words like "mint", but will fail when presented with a word that disobeys typical pronunciation rules, like "pint". Often, semantic knowledge is preserved in individuals with surface dyslexia.[3][4]

  1. ^ Carlson, Neil (2010). Psychology the Science of Behaviour [4th Canadian ed.]. Toronto, On. Canada: Pearson Canada Inc. pp. 310. ISBN 978-0-205-64524-4.
  2. ^ Cherney LR (2004). "Aphasia, alexia, and oral reading". Top Stroke Rehabil. 11 (1): 22–36. doi:10.1310/VUPX-WDX7-J1EU-00TB. PMID 14872397. S2CID 218644618.
  3. ^ Playfoot, D (2014). "Naming acronyms: The influence of reading context in skilled reading and surface dyslexia" (PDF). Aphasiology. 28 (12): 1448–1463. doi:10.1080/02687038.2014.939517. S2CID 145403689.
  4. ^ Wang, H.C. (2015). "Orthographic learning in developmental surface and phonological dyslexia". Cognitive Neuropsychology. 32 (2): 58–79. doi:10.1080/02643294.2014.1003536. PMID 25639641. S2CID 22107257.