Swedish invasion of Russia

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Swedish invasion of Russia
Part of the Great Northern War
The Battle of Poltava by Pierre-Denis Martin
Date 1 January 1708 — 8 July 1709 Location Tsardom of Russia Result Russian victory
Belligerents
Tsardom of Russia Cossack Hetmanate Kalmyk Khanate Sandomierz Confederation	Swedish Empire Cossack supporters of Mazepa (from October 1708) Warsaw Confederation
Commanders and leaders
Peter the Great Aleksandr Menshikov Ivan Mazepa (until October 1708) Ayuka Khan	Charles XII Adam Ludwig Lewenhaupt Ivan Mazepa (from October 1708)
Strength
192,000[a]	97,000[b]
Casualties and losses
21,675–26,248 combat casualties Thousands froze to death	15,088–19,085 combat casualties 14,800–14,977 captured 13,759 froze to death

The invasion of Russia by Charles XII of Sweden was a campaign undertaken during the Great Northern War between Sweden and the allied states of Russia, Poland, and Denmark. The invasion began with Charles's crossing of the Vistula on 1 January 1708, and effectively ended with the Swedish defeat in the Battle of Poltava on 8 July 1709, though Charles continued to pose a military threat to Russia for several years while under the protection of the Ottoman Turks.

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