TRAPPIST-1c

TRAPPIST-1c
	Artist's impression of TRAPPIST-1c (June 2023) with TRAPPIST-1b in the background
Discovery
Discovered by	Michaël Gillon et al.
Discovery site	TRAPPIST
Discovery date	May 2, 2016
Detection method	Transit
Orbital characteristics
Semi-major axis	0.01580±0.00013 AU
Eccentricity	0.00654±0.00188
Orbital period (sidereal)	2.421937±0.000018 d
Inclination	89.778°±0.118°
Argument of periastron	282.45°±17.10°
Star	TRAPPIST-1
Physical characteristics
Mean radius	1.097+0.014; −0.012 R🜨
Mass	1.308±0.056 M🜨
Mean density	5.447+0.222; −0.235 g/cm3
Surface gravity	1.086±0.043 g; 10.65±0.42 m/s2
Temperature	339.7±3.3 K (66.6 °C; 151.8 °F, equilibrium); 380±31 K (107 °C; 224 °F, surface)
Atmosphere
Composition by volume	None or extremely thin

TRAPPIST-1c, also designated as 2MASS J23062928-0502285 c, is a mainly rocky exoplanet orbiting around the ultracool dwarf star TRAPPIST-1, located 40.7 light-years (12.5 parsecs) away from Earth in the constellation Aquarius. It is the third most massive and third largest planet of the system, with about 131% the mass and 110% the radius of Earth.^[2] Its density indicates a primarily rocky composition, and observations by the James Webb Space Telescope announced in 2023 suggests against a thick CO2 atmosphere, however this does not exclude a thick abiotic oxygen-dominated atmosphere as is hypothesized to be common around red dwarf stars.^{[citation needed]}

^ Cite error: The named reference Gillon2016 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b ^c Cite error: The named reference Agol2021 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference Grimm2018 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference vangrootel2017 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Ducrot2020 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference Zieba2023 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference JWST-20230619 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Gillon2016-1] Cite error: The named reference Gillon2016 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Agol2021-2] Cite error: The named reference Agol2021 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Grimm2018-3] Cite error: The named reference Grimm2018 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[vangrootel2017-4] Cite error: The named reference vangrootel2017 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Ducrot2020-5] Cite error: The named reference Ducrot2020 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Zieba2023-6] Cite error: The named reference Zieba2023 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[JWST-20230619-7] Cite error: The named reference JWST-20230619 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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Discovery^[1]
Artist's impression of TRAPPIST-1c (June 2023) with TRAPPIST-1b in the background
Discovered by	Michaël Gillon et al.
Discovery site	TRAPPIST
Discovery date	May 2, 2016
Detection method	Transit
Orbital characteristics^[2]
Semi-major axis	0.01580±0.00013 AU
Eccentricity	0.00654±0.00188^[3]
Orbital period (sidereal)	2.421937±0.000018 d
Inclination	89.778°±0.118°
Argument of periastron	282.45°±17.10°^[3]
Star	TRAPPIST-1^[4]
Physical characteristics^[2]
Mean radius	1.097+0.014 −0.012 R_🜨
Mass	1.308±0.056 M_🜨
Mean density	5.447+0.222 −0.235 g/cm³
Surface gravity	1.086±0.043 g 10.65±0.42 m/s²
Temperature	339.7±3.3 K (66.6 °C; 151.8 °F, equilibrium)^[5] 380±31 K (107 °C; 224 °F, surface)^[6]
Atmosphere
Composition by volume	None or extremely thin^[7]^[6]