Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase

ACP5
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2BQ8, 1WAR
Identifiers
Aliases	ACP5, HPAP, SPENCDI, TRAP, TRACP5a, TRACP5b, TrATPase, acid phosphatase 5, tartrate resistant, TRAcP
External IDs	OMIM: 171640; MGI: 87883; HomoloGene: 115578; GeneCards: ACP5; OMA:ACP5 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 19 (human)[1] Band 19p13.2 Start 11,574,653 bp[1] End 11,579,993 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 9 (mouse)[2] Band 9 A3|9 8.38 cM Start 22,038,023 bp[2] End 22,047,007 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in periodontal fiber upper lobe of left lung right lung lower lobe of lung tibia granulocyte lymph node spleen rectum appendix Top expressed in body of femur tibiofemoral joint white adipose tissue subcutaneous adipose tissue fetal liver hematopoietic progenitor cell brown adipose tissue spleen intercostal muscle tunica adventitia of aorta large intestine More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function ferric iron binding acid phosphatase activity metal ion binding ferrous iron binding hydrolase activity Cellular component integral component of membrane cytosol lysosome Biological process riboflavin metabolic process dephosphorylation response to lipopolysaccharide negative regulation of interleukin-1 beta production negative regulation of interleukin-12 production negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production negative regulation of superoxide anion generation response to cytokine negative regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process bone resorption negative regulation of inflammatory response defense response to Gram-positive bacterium bone morphogenesis ossification Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 54 11433 Ensembl ENSG00000102575 ENSMUSG00000001348 UniProt P13686 Q05117 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001111034 NM_001111035 NM_001111036 NM_001611 NM_001322023 NM_001102404 NM_001102405 NM_007388 RefSeq (protein) NP_001104504 NP_001104505 NP_001104506 NP_001308952 NP_001602 NP_001095874 NP_001095875 NP_031414 Location (UCSC) Chr 19: 11.57 – 11.58 Mb Chr 9: 22.04 – 22.05 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP or TRAPase), also called acid phosphatase 5, tartrate resistant (ACP5), is a glycosylated monomeric metalloprotein enzyme expressed in mammals.^[5] It has a molecular weight of approximately 35kDa, a basic isoelectric point (7.6–9.5), and optimal activity in acidic conditions. TRAP is synthesized as latent proenzyme and activated by proteolytic cleavage and reduction.^[6][7] It is differentiated from other mammalian acid phosphatases by its resistance to inhibition by tartrate and by its molecular weight.

The mechanism of phosphate ester hydrolysis by TRAP is through a nucleophilic attack mechanism,^[8] whereby, catalysis occurs with the binding of a phosphate-substrate to the Fe²⁺ in the active site of TRAP. This is then followed by a nucleophilic attack by a hydroxide ligand on the bound phosphorus atom, resulting in cleavage of the phosphate ester bond and production of an alcohol. The exact identity and mechanism of the hydroxide ligand is unclear, but it is thought to be either a hydroxide that bridges the metal ions within the active site or a terminal hydroxide bound to Fe³⁺, with conflicting reports for both mechanisms.