The capital is Selat Panjang, with 66,385 inhabitants in mid 2023. Other population centers include Bengkikit, Merbau, Mengkudu, Sungaitohor and Mayau around the coast, and Deremi in the interior. The population of the island at the 2020 Census was 98,894;[3] the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 100,011.[4]
^Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Tebing Tinggi Barat Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.1410010), Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Tebing Tinggi Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.1410020) and Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Tebing Tinggi Timur Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.1410021).