Telekinesis

"Psychokinesis" redirects here. For the film, see Psychokinesis (film). For other uses, see Telekinesis (disambiguation).

An artist's conception of spontaneous telekinesis from a 1911 issue of the French magazine La Vie Mysterieuse
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Telekinesis (from Ancient Greek τηλε- 'far off' and -κίνησις 'motion'[1]) is a purported psychic ability allowing an individual to influence a physical system without physical interaction.[2][3] Experiments to prove the existence of telekinesis have historically been criticized for lack of proper controls and repeatability.[4][5][6][7] There is no reliable evidence that telekinesis is a real phenomenon, and the topic is generally regarded as pseudoscience.[4][8][9][10]

  1. ^ "telekinesis". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/OED/9521134478. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
  2. ^ Xiong, Jesse Hong (2010). The Outline of Parapsychology (Revised ed.). Lanham: University Press of America. p. 141. ISBN 978-0761849452. Retrieved July 24, 2015.
  3. ^ Irwin, Harvey J. (2007). An Introduction to Parapsychology. McFarland. pp. 94–112. ISBN 9780786451388. Retrieved July 24, 2015.
  4. ^ a b "Psychokinesis (PK)". The Skeptic's Dictionary. January 15, 2014. Retrieved February 2, 2014.
  5. ^ Girden, Edward (1962). "A review of psychokinesis (PK)". Psychological Bulletin. 59 (5): 353–388. doi:10.1037/h0048209. PMID 13898904.
  6. ^ Kurtz, Paul (1985). A Skeptic's Handbook of Parapsychology. Buffalo, New York: Prometheus Books. pp. 129–146. ISBN 978-0879753009.
  7. ^ Humphrey, Nicholas K. (1995). Soul Searching: Human Nature and Supernatural Belief. Chatto & Windus. pp. 160–217. ISBN 9780701159634.
  8. ^ Bunge, Mario (1983). Treatise on Basic Philosophy: Volume 6: Epistemology & Methodology II: Understanding the World. Springer. p. 226. "Despite being several thousand years old, and having attracted a large number of researchers over the past hundred years, we owe no single firm finding to parapsychology: no hard data on telepathy, clairvoyance, precognition, or psychokinesis."
  9. ^ Vyse, Stuart (2000). Believing in Magic: The Psychology of Superstition (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 129. ISBN 9780195136340. Retrieved December 11, 2015. [M]ost scientists, both psychologists and physicists, agree that it has yet to be convincingly demonstrated.
  10. ^ Sternberg, Robert J.; Roediger III, Henry J.; Halpern, Diane F. (2007). Critical Thinking in Psychology (1st ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 216–231. ISBN 9780521608343. Retrieved December 11, 2015.