Temozolomide

Temozolomide
Clinical data
Trade namesTemodar, Temodal, Temcad, others[1]
Other namesTMZ
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa601250
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: D
Routes of
administration		By mouth, intravenous
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailabilityalmost 100%
Protein binding15% (10–20%)
Metabolismhydrolysis
Metabolites3-methyl-(triazen-1-yl)imidazole-4-carboxamide (MTIC, the active species); temozolomide acid
Elimination half-life1.8 hours
Excretionmainly kidney
Identifiers
  • 4-methyl-5-oxo-2,3,4,6,8-pentazabicyclo[4.3.0]nona-2,7,9-triene-9-carboxamide
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.158.652 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC6H6N6O2
Molar mass194.154 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Melting point212 °C (414 °F) (decomp.)
  • O=C(c1ncn2C(=O)N(\N=N/c12)C)N
  • InChI=1S/C6H6N6O2/c1-11-6(14)12-2-8-3(4(7)13)5(12)9-10-11/h2H,1H3,(H2,7,13) checkY
  • Key:BPEGJWRSRHCHSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
 ☒NcheckY (what is this?)  (verify)

Temozolomide, sold under the brand name Temodar among others, is an anticancer medication used to treat brain tumors such as glioblastoma and anaplastic astrocytoma.[4][5] It is taken by mouth or via intravenous infusion.[4][5]

The most common side effects with temozolomide are nausea, vomiting, constipation, loss of appetite, alopecia (hair loss), headache, fatigue, convulsions (seizures), rash, neutropenia or lymphopenia (low white-blood-cell counts), and thrombocytopenia (low blood platelet counts).[5] People receiving the solution for infusion may also have injection-site reactions, such as pain, irritation, itching, warmth, swelling and redness, as well as bruising.[5]

Temozolomide is an alkylating agent used to treat serious brain cancers; most commonly as second-line treatments for astrocytoma and as the first-line treatment for glioblastoma.[4][6][7] Olaparib in combination with temozolomide demonstrated substantial clinical activity in relapsed small cell lung cancer.[8] It is available as a generic medication.

  1. ^ "Temozolomide". Drugs.com. 4 May 2020. Archived from the original on 29 August 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  2. ^ "FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)". nctr-crs.fda.gov. FDA. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  3. ^ "Temodal Capsules - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 24 October 2019. Archived from the original on 20 September 2020. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  4. ^ a b c d "Temodar- temozolomide capsule Temodar- temozolomide injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution". DailyMed. 31 January 2020. Archived from the original on 8 April 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  5. ^ a b c d e "Temodal EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). 17 September 2018. Archived from the original on 22 October 2020. Retrieved 7 May 2020. Text was copied from this source which is copyright European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.
  6. ^ "Guidance on the use of temozolomide for the treatment of recurrent malignant glioma (brain cancer)" (PDF). 3 March 2016. Archived from the original on 11 July 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  7. ^ Sasmita AO, Wong YP, Ling AP (February 2018). "Biomarkers and therapeutic advances in glioblastoma multiforme". Asia-Pacific Journal of Clinical Oncology. 14 (1): 40–51. doi:10.1111/ajco.12756. PMID 28840962.
  8. ^ Farago AF, Yeap BY, Stanzione M, Hung YP, Heist RS, Marcoux JP, et al. (October 2019). "Combination Olaparib and Temozolomide in Relapsed Small-Cell Lung Cancer". Cancer Discovery. 9 (10): 1372–1387. doi:10.1158/2159-8290.CD-19-0582. PMC 7319046. PMID 31416802.