The
western honey bee (
Apis mellifera) is the most common of the 7–12 species of
honey bee worldwide. It is believed to have originated in either Africa or Asia, and spread naturally through Africa, the Middle East and Europe. Following human introduction into the Americas and Oceania, the species is now found on every continent except Antarctica. Humans have been collecting
honey from bees for thousands of years, with evidence in the form of
rock art found in France and Spain, dating to around 7000 BC. Along with other insects, the honey bee is an important
pollinator, with a large number of the
crop species farmed worldwide depending on it.
Photograph: Martin Falbisoner