Gonepteryx rhamni, also known as the common brimstone, is a butterfly in the family
Pieridae. It lives throughout the
Palearctic zone and is commonly found across Europe, Asia and North Africa. The butterfly relies on two species of
buckthorn as hosts for its eggs and larvae, which influences its geographic range and distribution as these plants are commonly found in wetlands. After spending the summer feeding, adults travel to woodland areas to spend seven months
hibernating. In spring when their host plants have developed, they return to the wetlands to breed and lay eggs. Both the larval and adult forms of the species have protective coloration and behaviour that decreases their chances of being recognised and preyed upon. The adult common brimstone has
sexual dichromism in its wing coloration and
iridescence; the male
(pictured) has yellow wings and iridescence, while females have greenish-white wings and are not iridescent.
Photograph credit: Charles J. Sharp