The
gentoo penguin (
Pygoscelis papua) is a penguin species in the genus
Pygoscelis, most closely related to the
Adélie penguin and the
chinstrap penguin. The earliest scientific description was made in 1781 by
Johann Reinhold Forster with a reference point of the
Falkland Islands. They call in a variety of ways, but the most frequently heard is a loud trumpeting which the bird emits with its head thrown back. The gentoo penguin is easily recognized by the wide white stripe extending like a
bonnet across the top of its head and its bright orange-red bill. It has pale whitish-pink webbed feet and a fairly long tail – the most prominent tail of all penguin species. Chicks have grey backs with white fronts. As the gentoo penguin waddles along on land, its tail sticks out behind, sweeping from side to side, hence the scientific name
Pygoscelis, which means 'rump-tailed'.
Photograph credit: Andrew Shiva