A tergum (Latin for "the back"; pl.: terga, associated adjective tergal) is the dorsal ('upper') portion of an arthropod segment other than the head. The anterior edge is called the 'base' and posterior edge is called the 'apex' or 'margin'. A given tergum may be divided into hardened plates or sclerites commonly referred to as tergites.[1]
In a thoracic segment, for example, the tergum may be divided into an anterior notum and a posterior scutellum. Lateral extensions of a tergite are known as paranota (Greek for "alongside the back") or carinae (Latin for "keel"), exemplified by the flat-backed millipedes of the order Polydesmida.
Kinorhynchs have tergal and sternal plates too, though seemingly not homologous with those of arthropods.[2]
Tergo-tergal is a stridulatory mechanism in which fine spines of the abdominal tergites are rubbed together to produce sound.[3] This process is known as abdominal telescoping.[3]
- ^ McCafferty, W. Patrick (1983). Aquatic entomology: the fishermen's and ecologists' illustrated guide to insects and their relatives. Jones and Bartlett. p. 20. ISBN 9780867200171. Retrieved 2020-04-30 – via Google Books.
- ^ Sørensen, MV; Dal Zotto, M; Rho, HS; Herranz, M; Sánchez, N; Pardos, F; Yamasaki, H (2015). "Phylogeny of Kinorhyncha based on morphology and two molecular loci". PLOS ONE. 10 (7): e0133440. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1033440S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0133440. PMC 4511640. PMID 26200115.
- ^ a b Field, Laurence H; Roberts, Kelly L (2003). "Novel use of hair sensilla in acoustic stridulation by New Zealand giant wetas (Orthoptera: Anostostomatidae)". Arthropod Structure & Development. 31 (4): 287–296. doi:10.1016/S1467-8039(03)00005-7. PMID 18088987.