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Theodore Puck | |
|---|---|
| Born | September 24, 1916 Chicago, Illinois |
| Died | November 6, 2005 (aged 89) Denver, Colorado |
| Alma mater | University of Chicago |
| Known for | Genetics, cell cloning, human karyotype |
| Awards | National Academy of Sciences, Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research (1958) Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize (1973) E.B. Wilson Medal (1984) |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Genetics |
| Institutions | University of Chicago, University of Colorado Medical School |
| Doctoral advisor | James Franck |
Theodore Thomas Puck (September 24, 1916 – November 6, 2005) was an American geneticist born in Chicago, Illinois. He attended Chicago public schools and obtained his bachelors, masters, and doctoral degree from the University of Chicago. His PhD work was on the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom and his doctoral adviser was James Franck. During WW II Puck stayed at the University of Chicago. There he worked in the laboratory of Oswald H. Robertson on the study of how bacteria and viruses can spread through the air and on dust particles. After a postdoc position in the laboratory of Renato Dulbecco, Puck was recruited in 1948 to establish and chair the University of Colorado Medical School's department of biophysics. He retired from the University of Colorado Medical School in 1995 as professor emeritus, but continued to do laboratory work there until a few weeks before his death.[1]
Puck was an early pioneer of "somatic cell genetics" and single-cell plating ( i.e. "cloning" .) This work allowed the genetics of human and other mammalian cells to be studied in detail. Puck's key work ultimately made modern genetics, such as the human genome and other mammalian genome projects, possible. Dr. Puck with the assistance of Philip I. Marcus, successfully cloned a HeLa cell in 1955.
Puck made many basic discoveries in several areas. Confirming research done in 1956 by Joe Hin Tjio, Puck's team found that humans had 46 chromosomes rather than 48 which had earlier been believed.[2] He developed the CHO cell line from Chinese hamster ovarian cells for this work and contributed to deeper insights into chromosomes and genetics of mammalian cells. Derived CHO cell lines became the most productive manufacturing approach for therapeutic proteins, resulting in hundreds of highly efficient drugs.[3] Puck studied X-rays and cellular mutations.[4] He also isolated and studied cellular mutations.
Puck has won a number of honors for his work most notably the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research in 1958. In 1973 he was awarded the Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize from Columbia University together with Renato Dulbecco and Harry Eagle. Dulbecco won the Nobel Prize in medicine in 1975. Puck also founded the Eleanor Roosevelt Institute at the University of Denver, where he was an emeritus professor. A member of the National Academy of Sciences since 1960, Puck published more than 200 papers on topics including Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome, and optimising radiotherapy dosages for the treatment of cancer.
He died following complications from a broken hip. Upon his death he was survived by his widow, three daughters, and seven grandchildren.[1]
- ^ a b Pincock, Stephen (10 December 2005). "Obituary. Theodore Puck". The Lancet. 366: 2000. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67806-3. S2CID 54375562.
- ^ Tjio, J. H.; Puck, Theodore T. (1 August 1958). "Genetics of somatic mammalian cells. II. Chromosomal constitution of cells in tissue culture". Journal of Experimental Medicine. 108 (2): 259–268. doi:10.1084/jem.108.2.259. PMC 2136870. PMID 13563760.
- ^ Wurm, F.M. (2004) Production of recombinant protein therapeutics in cultivated mammalian cells Nature Biotechnology 22, 11, 1393-1398
- ^ Puck, Theodore T.; Marcus, Philip I. (1 May 1956). "Action of X-rays on mammalian cells". Journal of Experimental Medicine. 103 (5): 653–666. doi:10.1084/jem.103.5.653. PMC 2136626. PMID 13319584.