The Protestant and Catholic churches saw that the Lumad and Moro people were suffering and responded by contextualizing liberation theology into what would be called the Theology of Struggle.[1] The theology of struggle was developed by the Christians for National Liberation.[2] The Philippines was colonized by Spain, Japan, and the United States since the 1500s.[3] The theology of struggle was started in the Catholic church as a way of protecting the impoverished from the Marcos regime.[4] The Sisters of the Good Shepherd is a group of Filipino nuns living according to what they call a theology of struggle.[5] The nuns live among the impoverished and work alongside them to build political power, which puts them at odds with the Catholic church and the Filipino government.[5]
Levy 2017
was invoked but never defined (see the help page).Gordon 2019
was invoked but never defined (see the help page).Elizarde-Miller 2017
was invoked but never defined (see the help page).Manila 2018
was invoked but never defined (see the help page).