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The theory of Portuguese discovery of Australia claims that early Portuguese navigators were the first Europeans to sight Australia between 1521 and 1524, well before the arrival of Dutch navigator Willem Janszoon in 1606 on board the Duyfken who is generally considered to be the first European discoverer. While lacking generally accepted evidence, this theory is based on the following:[3][4]: 6
- The Dieppe maps, a group of 16th-century French world maps, depict a large landmass between Indonesia and Antarctica. Labelled as Java la Grande, this landmass carries French, Portuguese, and Gallicized Portuguese placenames, and has been interpreted by some as corresponding to Australia's northwestern and eastern coasts.
- The proximity of Portuguese colonies in Southeast Asia from c. 1513–1516, particularly Portuguese Timor which is approximately 650 kilometres (400 mi) from the Australian coast.[5][6][7]
- Various antiquities found on Australian coastlines, claimed by some to be relics of early Portuguese voyages to Australia but which are generally regarded as evidence of Makassan visit to Northern Australia.
Precedence for earliest non-Aboriginal visits to Australia has also been claimed for China (Admiral Zheng),[8] France,[a] Spain,[b] and even Phoenicia,[11][12] also all without generally accepted evidence.
- ^ "Mapping Our World: Terra Incognita to Australia". National Library of Australia. Archived from the original on 8 November 2015. Retrieved 3 March 2022.
- ^ First map of Australia from Nicholas Vallard's atlas, 1547, in the Library of Sir Thomas Phillipps, Bart. at Middle Hill, 1856 (Map). Scale indeterminable. Worcestershire: Middle Hill Press. 1856. Retrieved 15 February 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ Tweeddale, Alistair (2000). "More about maps" (PDF). The Skeptic. 20 (3). Roseville, Australia: Australian Skeptics: 58–62. ISSN 0726-9897. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
- ^ Richardson, William Arthur Ridley (1989). The Portuguese Discovery of Australia, Fact or Fiction?. Occasional Lecture Series No. 3. Canberra: National Library of Australia. ISBN 978-0642104816. Retrieved 5 March 2022 – via Flinders University.
- ^ Gunn, Geoffrey C. (1999). Timor Loro Sae: 500 years. Macau: Livros do Oriente. pp. 51–69. ISBN 9729418691.
- ^ Gunn, Geoffrey C. (2016). "The Timor-Macao Sandalwood Trade and the Asian Discovery of the Great South Land?" (PDF). Revista de Cultura [Review of Culture] (53). Macau: 125–148. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
- ^ McIntyre, Kenneth Gordon (1981). The Secret Discovery of Australia: Portuguese ventures 200 years before Captain Cook. Medindie, South Australia: Souvenir Press. p. 52. ISBN 0285623036. OCLC 815606382.
- ^ Menzies, Gavin (2002). 1421: The year China discovered the world. London: Bantam Press. ISBN 978-0-06-053763-0.
- ^ Brosses, Charles de (1756). Histoire des navigations aux Terres Australe. Paris.
- ^ Inglis, Amirah (1983). "Hargrave, Lawrence (1850–1915)". Lawrence Hargrave. Australian National University (ANU).
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ Robinson, Allan (1980). In Australia, Treasure is not for the Finder. Greenwood: Allan Robinson. ISBN 0959495703. OCLC 27624251.
- ^ Henderson, James A. (1993). Phantoms of the Tryall. Perth: St. George Books. ISBN 978-0-86778-053-6.
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