Thomas Chaloner is the name of:
- Sir Thomas Chaloner (statesman) (1521–1565), English statesman and poet
- Thomas Chaloner (naturalist) (fl. 1584), English naturalist
- Sir Thomas Chaloner (courtier) (1559–1615), English governor of the 'Courtly College', who introduced alum manufacturing to England
- Thomas Chaloner (regicide) (1595–1661), English politician, commissioner at the trial of Charles I and signatory to his death warrant
- Thomas Chaloner, 2nd Baron Gisborough (1889–1951), British peer
- Thomas-Chaloner Bisse-Challoner (1788–1872), aka Colonel Challoner, British militia colonel and agriculturalist
- Tom Chaloner (1839–1886), English jockey
- Thomas Chaloner, central character and narrator in a series of historical mystery crime novels by Susanna Gregory