Thomas Pelham (c.1705 – 1 August 1743) was an English politician and diplomat. The patronage of his kinsman, the Duke of Newcastle, obtained for him an appointment as secretary to British diplomats in France, and a Parliamentary seat at Hastings, from 1728 to 1741. In the latter year, he took up his father's seat at Lewes and his seat at the Board of Trade, but died two years later of tuberculosis.