| Thongalen | |
|---|---|
King of the Underworld and God of the Dead | |
| Member of Lainingthous | |
| Abode | the Underworld |
| Texts | Poireiton Khunthok, Nongban Pombi Luwaoba |
| Gender | Male |
| Region | Manipur |
| Ethnic group | Meitei ethnicity |
| Festivals | Lai Haraoba |
| Genealogy | |
| Siblings | Poireiton |
| Consorts | |
| Equivalents | |
| Greek | Hades |
| Hindu | Yama[1][2] |
| Roman | Pluto |
| Part of a series on |
| Meitei mythology |
|---|
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 Myths portal |
| Part of a series on |
| Sanamahism |
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Thongalen (Manipuri: ꯊꯣꯉꯥꯂꯦꯟ) (also, Thongalel, Thongaren or Thongarel) is the god of the dead and the king of the underworld (Manipuri: ꯈꯝꯅꯨꯡ, romanized: Khamnung) in Meitei mythology and Sanamahism, the indigenous religion of Manipur.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9] He is the Guardian God of the nadir.[3]: 181 .
He is the ancestor-god of the Khuman clan.[10] Laikhurembi and Lainaotabi are his wives.[11]
- ^ Elangbam Nilakanta (1982). Aspects of Indian Culture. Jawaharlal Nehru Manipur Dance Academy.
- ^ Glimpses of Manipuri Language, Literature, and Culture - Page 19 - 1970
- ^ a b Neelabi, sairem (2006). Laiyingthou Lairemmasinggee Waree Seengbul (in Manipuri). p. 174.
- ^ Mehrotra, Deepti Priya (2009-07-08). Burning Bright Irom Sharmila. Penguin UK. ISBN 978-81-8475-153-6.
- ^ The North Eastern Geographer. North East India Geographical Society. 1980.
- ^ Medieval Indian Literature: An Anthology. Sahitya Akademi. 1997. p. 385.
- ^ Contributions to Southeast Asian Ethnography. Board of Editors, Contributions to Southeast Asian Ethnography. 1982.
- ^ Singh, Wahengbam Ibohal (1986). The History of Manipur: An early period. Manipur Commercial Company.
- ^ Commission, India Indian Historical Records (1976). Proceedings of the Meetings of the Session. Manager of Publications.
- ^ Sanajaoba, Naorem (1988). Manipur, Past and Present: The Heritage and Ordeals of a Civilization. Mittal Publications. ISBN 978-81-7099-853-2.
- ^ Ray, Asok Kumar; Chakraborty, Satyabrata (2008). Society, Politics, and Development in North East India: Essays in Memory of Dr. Basudeb Datta Ray. Concept Publishing Company. ISBN 978-81-8069-572-8.