| Tibiscum | |
|---|---|
 | |
  Location within Romania | |
| Alternative name(s) | Tibisco, Tivisco, Tibiscus, Tibiskon, Tiriskon [1] |
| Known also as | Castra of Jupa |
| Founded during the reign of | Trajan |
| Founded | c. 101 AD |
| Abandoned | c. 6th-7th century AD |
| Attested by | Tabula Peutingeriana |
| Previous fortification | Dacian |
| Place in the Roman world | |
| Province | Dacia |
| Administrative unit | Dacia Apulensis |
| Administrative unit | Dacia Superior |
| Structure | |
| — Stone structure — | |
| Size and area | 307 m × 170 m (5.4 ha) |
| Stationed military units | |
| — Cohorts — | |
| I Sagittariorum, I Vindelicorum milliaria equitata[2] | |
| — Numeri — | |
| Maurorum Tibiscensium,[3] Palmyrenorum Tibiscensium[4][3] | |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 45°27′59″N 22°11′22″E / 45.4663°N 22.1895°E |
| Altitude | c. 180 m |
| Town | Jupa |
| County | Caraș-Severin |
| Country |  Romania |
| Reference | |
| RO-LMI | CS-I-s-A-10805 [4] |
| RO-RAN | 51038.01 [4] |
| Site notes | |
| Recognition |  National Historical Monument |
| Condition | Ruined |
| Excavation dates | 1924–1925, 1980–1990 |
| Archaeologists | Doina Benea, G. G. Mateescu, Ioan Boroș |
Tibiscum (Tibisco, Tibiscus, Tibiskon) was a Dacian town mentioned by Ptolemy, later a Roman fort and municipium.[5][6] The ruins of the ancient settlement are located in Jupa, near Caransebeș, Caraș-Severin County, Romania. The Roman settlement here was one of the most important vestiges of classical antiquity in Banat.
Located at the junction of two of the most important imperial roads that connected the capital Ulpia Traiana Sarmizegetusa with Dierna and Lederata, the city and the fort developed due to the fertile plain of the Timiş river and the commercial and strategic position occupied.
The remains of important buildings and workshops from the Roman fort and from the Roman civil settlement of Tibiscum are visible.
- ^ Schütte 1917.
- ^ Tactica, strategie si specific de lupta la cohortele equitate din Dacia Romana, de Petru Ureche
- ^ a b Tibiscum
- ^ a b c "Castrul şi vicus-ul roman (municipiul Tibiscum) de la Jupa - "Cetate"". National Archaeological Record of Romania (RAN). ran.cimec.ro. 16 October 2012. Retrieved 3 March 2014.
- ^ Ptolemy & 140 AD, III 8,4.
- ^ Olteanu, Ptolemy's Dacia.