Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina

54°21′43″S 67°38′17″W / 54.362°S 67.638°W / -54.362; -67.638

Tierra del Fuego
Province
Province of Tierra del Fuego, Antarctica and South Atlantic Islands Provincia de Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur (Spanish)
View of the Tierra del Fuego National Park
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Tierra del Fuego Province within Argentina (mainland portion and disputed Falkland Islands only)
Country	Argentina
Capital	Ushuaia
Departments	5
Local Governments	3
Government
• Governor	Gustavo Melella (FORJA)
• Vice Governor	Mónica Urquiza (MOPOF)
• Legislature	15
• National Deputies	5
• National Senators	Pablo Blanco (UCR) María Eugenia Duré (PJ) Cristina López (PJ)
Area Ranked 23rd
• Total	21,263 km2 (8,210 sq mi)
Population  (2022 census[1])
• Total	190,641
• Rank	24th
• Density	9.0/km2 (23/sq mi)
Demonym	fueguino
GDP [2]
• Total	US$ 2.5 billion
• Per capita	US$ 13,800
Time zone	UTC−3 (ART)
ISO 3166 code	AR-V
HDI (2021)	0.856 very high (4th)[3]
Website	www.tierradelfuego.gov.ar

Tierra del Fuego (Spanish for "Land of Fire"; Spanish pronunciation: [ˈtjera ðel ˈfweɣo]), officially the Province of Tierra del Fuego, Antarctica and South Atlantic Islands (Spanish: Provincia de Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur), is the southernmost, smallest (without disputed territories), and least populous Argentine province. The provincial capital city is Ushuaia, from a native word meaning "bay towards the end".

The territory of the current province had been inhabited by indigenous people for more than 12,000 years, since they migrated south of the mainland. It was first encountered by a European in 1520 when spotted by Ferdinand Magellan. Even after Argentina achieved independence, this territory remained under indigenous control until the nation's campaign known as the Conquest of the Desert in the 1870s, after which Argentina organised this section in 1885 as a territory.^{[citation needed]} European immigration followed due to a gold rush and rapid expansion of sheep farming on large ranches in the area. Tierra del Fuego is the most recent Argentine territory to gain provincial status, which occurred in 1990.